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. 2017 Nov 23;7:16101. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-16239-y

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Glc regulates shade induced hypocotyl elongation in Arabidopsis. (a) Pictures and (b) graph showing effect of increasing Glc concentration on hypocotyl elongation growth under simulated shade conditions. WT (Col-0) seeds were germinated and grown vertically onto ½ MS media supplemented with increasing doses of Glc (0%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% and 6% w/v) for 3d under short day conditions and EODFR treatment was applied from 4^th d onwards. Hypocotyl elongation growth of EODFR treated seedlings was compared with that of 6-d-old seedlings growing in control conditions. Lower doses of Glc (0.5% to 2%) promote EODFR induced hypocotyl elongation whereas the response was significantly inhibited in presence of higher Glc concentrations (5%, 6%). (c) The HXK1-Glc sensor mutant gin2-1 showed significantly less sensitivity for both Glc and EODFR induced hypocotyl elongation as compared to that of WT, suggesting the involvement of HXK1-dependent Glc signaling in regulating shade-induced hypocotyl elongation growth. Values represent the average of three biological replicates each having 15 seedlings and error bar represents SE. (Student’s t-test; P < 0.01; *control vs. treatment; **WT vs. mutant).