Table 2.
Liver function tests of all participants (N = 120)
| Placebo | NRPT 1X | NRPT 2X | Between group | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ±SD (n) | Mean ±SD (n) | Mean ±SD (n) | p-value | |
| Bilirubin concentration (μmol/L) | ||||
| Day 0 Baseline | 11.6 ± 3.7 (40) | 11.2 ± 5.8 (40) | 11.3 ± 4.4 (40) | 0.697a,b |
| Day 30 | 11.7 ± 4.8 (40) | 11.4 ± 6.4 (40) | 11.1 ± 3.9 (39) | 0.740a,b |
| Day 60 End of Study | 11.4 ± 4.1 (40) | 10.5 ± 4.6 (40) | 11.6 ± 4.2 (37) | 0.344a,b |
| Change from Day 0 to Day 30 | 0.14 ± 2.96 (40) | 0.19 ± 2.71 (40) | −0.45 ± 2.79 (39) | 0.641a,c |
| Change from Day 0 to Day 60 | −0.1 ± 3.0 (40) | −0.7 ± 3.2 (40) | −0.2 ± 3.8 (37) | 0.635a,c |
| Aspartate transaminase (U/L) | ||||
| Day 0 Baseline | 25.5 ± 6.3 (40) | 24.4 ± 9.5 (40) | 23.9 ± 5.9 (40) | 0.328d |
| Day 30 | 26.1 ± 5.2 (40) | 23.8 ± 8.6 (40) | 25.1 ± 5.6 (39) | 0.004d |
| Day 60 End of Study | 26.4 ± 6.1 (40) | 23.6 ± 8.7 (40) | 25.3 ± 5.7 (37) | 0.003d |
| Change from Day 0 to Day 30 | 0.6 ± 3.9 (40) | −0.6 ± 3.8 (40) | 1.1 ± 3.4 (39) | 0.047d |
| Change from Day 0 to Day 60 | 0.8 ± 5.7 (40) | −0.8 ± 4.5 (40) | 0.9 ± 3.3 (37) | 0.041d |
| Alanine transaminase (U/L) | ||||
| Day 0 Baseline | 23.4 ± 8.3 (40) | 21.6 ± 6.3 (40) | 21.9 ± 7.7 (40) | 0.584d |
| Day 30 | 24.4 ± 9.3 (40) | 19.9 ± 5.4 (40) | 22.4 ± 7.2 (39) | 0.033d |
| Day 60 End of study | 25.1 ± 11.6 (40) | 19.7 ± 5.1 (40) | 21.8 ± 7.3 (37) | 0.039d |
| Change from Day 0 to Day 30 | 1.0 ± 5.6 (40) | −1.7 ± 5.2 (40)e | 0.4 ± 5.1 (39) | 0.032d |
| Change from Day 0 to Day 60 | 1.6 ± 7.8 (40) | −1.9 ± 4.8 (40)e | −0.5 ± 5.0 (37) | 0.127d |
| Gamma- glutamyltransferase (U/L) | ||||
| Day 0 Baseline | 22 ± 13 (39) | 28 ± 56 (40) | 17 ± 11 (40) | 0.079d |
| Day 30 | 24 ± 15 (40) | 28 ± 60 (40) | 18 ± 10 (39) | 0.092d |
| Day 60 End of study | 25 ± 18 (40) | 27 ± 56 (40) | 18 ± 11 (37) | 0.125d |
| Change from Day 0 to Day 30 | 1.8 ± 6.5 (39) | −0.5 ± 9.2 (40) | 1.1 ± 4.0 (39) | 0.237d |
| Change from Day 0 to Day 60 | 2.6 ± 6.9 (39) | −1.0 ± 8.8 (40) | 0.9 ± 6.4 (37) | 0.593d |
Probability values p ≤ 0.05 are statistically significant
a The logarithmic transformation was required to achieve normality
b Between group comparisons were made using ANOVA (no adjustment for baseline)
c Between group comparisons were made using ANCOVA adjusting for baseline
d Between group comparisons were made using the non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis test
e Denotes significant within-group comparisons were made using the paired Student t-test