Table 2. Overview of the microbial communities, classified into 11 subgroups by B-RISA analysis.

Relative abundance is the number of clinical samples out of 10 total per group that show particular B-RISA pattern. Different band size in B-RISA pattern denotes different bacteria species or groups; hence clinical samples with different bacteria community compositions were classified by different B-RISA banding patterns. Note the reported average bacterial DNA, in ng/ul and ng/swab area, may contain some human DNA.

Marker ∖ Groups	Healthy face teenagers			Acne face teenagers				Healthy face middle-ages			Health face elder-ages
	cheeks	foreheads		cheeks		foreheads		cheeks	foreheads		cheeks	foreheads
Average bacteria DNA (ng/ μl)	0.77	1.33		0.73		1.21		3.54	1.59		0.9	4.04
Average bacteria DNA (ng/swab area, 1 × 1 in.2 left & right cheeks)	38.5	133		36.5		121		177	159		45	404
B-RISA patterns	1	2		2		2		No amplification	2		1	1
2,000 bp
1,900 bp
1,800 bp
1,700 bp
1,600 bp
1,500 bp
1,400 bp					(14.4%, 1,400 bp) –		(37.5%, 1,400 bp) –
1,300 bp
1,200 bp										(7.8%, 1,250 bp) –	(33.3%, 1,250 bp) –	(44.5%, 1,250 bp) –
1,100 bp				(30.5%, 1,100 bp) –	(21.6%, 1,100 bp) –	(42.8%, 1,100 bp) –			(14.2%, 1,150 bp) – (12.6%, 1,100 bp) –	(7.8%, 1,150 bp) –	(66.7%, 1,100 bp) –
1,000 bp												(55.5%, 1,000 bp) –
900 bp	(20.3%, 950 bp) –	(27.2%, 950 bp) –		(40.7%, 950 bp) –	(14.4%, 950 bp) –		(41.7%, 950 bp) –		(24.6%, 950 bp) –	(19.4%, 950 bp) –
800 bp	(21.1%, 800 bp) –	(33.2%, 800 bp) –		(28.8%, 800 bp) –	(25.6%, 800 bp) –	(40.6%, 800 bp) –	(12.5%, 800 bp) –		(29.6%, 800 bp) –	(33.3%, 800 bp) –
700 bp									(18.9%, 700 bp) –	(11.6%, 700 bp) –
600 bp	(17.2%, 650 bp) –	(39.6%, 650 bp) –	(33.3%, 600 bp) –
500 bp	(24.9%, 580 bp) – (16.5%, 500 bp) –		(66.6%, 500 bp) –		(24%, 500 bp) –	(16.6%, 500 bp) –	(8.3%, 500 bp) –			(20.2%, 580 bp) –
400 bp
300 bp
200 bp
100 bp
Relative abundance (out of 10 subjects)	10	8	2	7	3	9	1	10	5	5	9	9