Effects of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors on the β1-adrenergic receptor-dependent inward current in layer V mPFC pyramidal neurons. (A) Inward current evoked by bath application of dobutamine (DOB, 100 μM) in the presence of the GSK-3β inhibitor (TDZD-8, 10 μM in the bath and 10 μM in the pipette, a). Amplitude of the holding current change evoked by 100 μM dobutamine alone (DOB) and 100 μM dobutamine in the presence of 10 μM TDZD-8 in the bath and 10 μM in the pipette (+ TDZD-8, b). (B) Inward current evoked by bath application of dobutamine (DOB, 100 μM) in the presence of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (genistein, 50 μM in the bath and 50 μM in the pipette, a). Amplitude of the holding current change evoked by 100 μM dobutamine alone (DOB) and 100 μM dobutamine in the presence of 50 μM genistein in the bath and 50 μM in the pipette (+ genistein, b). (C) Inward current evoked by bath application of dobutamine (DOB, 100 μM) in the presence of an inactive analog of genistein (daidzein, 50 μM in the bath and 50 μM in the pipette, a). Amplitude of the holding current change evoked by 100 μM dobutamine alone (DOB) and 100 μM dobutamine in the presence of 50 μM daidzein in the bath and 50 μM in the pipette (+ daidzein, b); ∗p < 0.05; ∗∗p < 0.01; n.s., non-significant.