Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population overall and by levels of 1st trimester BMI and early gestational weight gain (GWG)
| BMI | GWG | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | Overall | <25 | 25–30 | >30 | Inadequate | Adequate | Excess | ||
| N (%)* | 347 (100) | 187 (54) | 92 (27) | 64 (19) | 120 (39) | 166 (53) | 25 (8) | ||
| Maternal age, mean (sd) | 32.0 (5.5) | 32.2 (4.9) | 32.0 (6.3) | 31.3 (5.7) | 30.8 (5.5) | 32.7 (5.3) | 31.9 (5.5) | ||
| Race/ethnicity, n (%) | |||||||||
| Caucasian | 205 (59) | 130 (70) | 46 (50) | 27 (42) | 66 (55) | 106 (64) | 14 (54) | ||
| Non-Hispanic black | 54 (16) | 19 (10) | 17 (18) | 18 (28) | 18 (15) | 25 (15) | 3 (12) | ||
| Hispanic | 19 (5) | 10 (5) | 9 (10) | 0 (0) | 9 (8) | 7 (4) | 3 (12) | ||
| Asians | 50 (14) | 19 (10) | 14 (15) | 16 (25) | 21 (17) | 20 (12) | 4 (16) | ||
| Unknown/other | 19 (5) | 9 (5) | 6 (6) | 3 (5) | 6 (5) | 8 (5) | 1 (4) | ||
| College or higher education, n (%) | 141 (41) | 92 (51) | 38 (41) | 11 (18) | 46 (39) | 79 (48) | 7 (27) | ||
| Alcohol use during pregnancy, n (%) | 19 (6) | 11 (6) | 6 (6) | 2 (3) | 6 (5) | 12 (7) | 1 (4) | ||
| Smoking status, n(%) | 8 (2) | 0 (0) | 3 (3) | 4 (6) | 2 (2) | 4 (2) | 1 (4) |
*
Numbers may not sum up to 347 because of missing values of BMI or GWG