TABLE 1.
Associations of Superficial Femoral Artery Plaque Composition With Baseline Characteristics in Participants With Peripheral Artery Disease
| Total (n = 254) |
Absence of LRNC (n = 192) |
Presence of LRNC (n = 62) |
p Value | Absence of Calcium (n = 105) |
Presence of Calcium (n = 149) |
p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yrs | 68.53 ± 9.96 | 68.72 ± 9.33 | 67.94 ± 11.76 | 0.591 | 66.15 ± 11.69 | 70.20 ± 8.17 | 0.001 |
|
| |||||||
| ABI | 0.67 ± 0.17 | 0.68 ± 0.18 | 0.66 ± 0.16 | 0.308 | 0.70 ± 0.18 | 0.66 ± 0.17 | 0.054 |
|
| |||||||
| Male | 181 (71.3) | 130 (67.7) | 51 (82.3) | 0.028 | 67 (63.8) | 114 (76.5) | 0.028 |
|
| |||||||
| African American | 83 (32.7) | 60 (31.3) | 23 (37.1) | 0.393 | 37 (35.2) | 46 (30.9) | 0.465 |
|
| |||||||
| Never smoker | 27 (10.6) | 18 (9.4) | 9 (14.5) | 0.253 | 19 (18.1) | 8 (5.4) | 0.001 |
|
| |||||||
| Former smoker | 163 (64.2) | 133 (69.3) | 30 (48.4) | 0.003 | 58 (55.2) | 105 (70.5) | 0.013 |
|
| |||||||
| Current smoker | 64 (25.2) | 41 (21.4) | 23 (37.1) | 0.013 | 28 (26.7) | 36 (24.2) | 0.651 |
|
| |||||||
| Diabetes | 108 (42.5) | 78 (40.6) | 30 (48.4) | 0.282 | 44 (41.9) | 64 (43.0) | 0.868 |
|
| |||||||
| BMI, kg/m2 | 29.89 ± 6.54 | 30.14 ± 6.72 | 29.10 ± 5.92 | 0.277 | 31.09 ± 7.29 | 29.04 ± 5.82 | 0.013 |
|
| |||||||
| HDL-C, mg/dl | 49.01 ± 17.40 | 50.37 ± 18.36 | 44.80 ± 13.27 | 0.028 | 46.43 ± 14.08 | 50.83 ± 19.24 | 0.047 |
|
| |||||||
| LDL-C, mg/dl | 92.08 ± 31.97 | 93.43 ± 33.16 | 87.90 ± 27.83 | 0.237 | 95.56 ± 32.54 | 89.63 ± 31.45 | 0.146 |
|
| |||||||
| Pulmonary disease | 95 (37.4) | 70 (36.5) | 25 (40.3) | 0.585 | 40 (38.1) | 55 (36.9) | 0.848 |
|
| |||||||
| Cancer | 40 (15.7) | 32 (16.7) | 8 (12.9) | 0.479 | 16 (15.2) | 24 (16.1) | 0.851 |
|
| |||||||
| Angina | 54 (21.3) | 41 (21.4) | 13 (21.0) | 0.948 | 17 (16.2) | 37 (24.8) | 0.097 |
|
| |||||||
| MI | 44 (17.3) | 30 (15.6) | 14 (22.6) | 0.208 | 15 (14.3) | 29 (19.5) | 0.283 |
|
| |||||||
| Stroke | 42 (16.5) | 31 (16.1) | 11 (17.7) | 0.769 | 18 (17.1) | 24 (16.1) | 0.827 |
|
| |||||||
| Heart failure | 37 (14.6) | 31 (16.1) | 6 (9.7) | 0.209 | 16 (15.2) | 21 (14.1) | 0.799 |
|
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| Hypertension | 237 (93.3) | 182 (94.8) | 55 (88.7) | 0.139 | 98 (93.3) | 139 (93.3) | 0.989 |
|
| |||||||
| On statin medication at baseline | 196 (77.2) | 152 (79.2) | 44 (71.0) | 0.181 | 74 (70.5) | 122 (81.9) | 0.033 |
|
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| Antiplatelet therapy | 205 (80.7) | 156 (81.3) | 49 (79.0) | 0.700 | 79 (75.2) | 126 (84.6) | 0.064 |
|
| |||||||
| Leg symptoms | |||||||
| Intermittent claudication | 70 (27.6) | 60 (31.3) | 10 (16.1) | 24 (22.9) | 46 (30.9) | ||
| Exertional leg symptoms other than intermittent claudication | 143 (56.3) | 104 (54.2) | 39 (62.9) | 0.058 | 59 (56.2) | 84 (56.4) | 0.135 |
| Asymptomatic | 41 (16.1) | 28 (14.6) | 13 (21.0) | 22 (21.0) | 19 (12.8) | ||
Values are mean ± SD for continuous variables and n (%) for categorical variables. ABI values are from the leg in which MRI measures were obtained.
ABI = ankle-brachial index; BMI = body mass index; HDL-C = high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C = low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LRNC = lipid-rich necrotic core; MI = myocardial infarction; MRI = magnetic resonance imaging.