Table 1.
Descriptive Statistics: Primary Caregiver and Infant Demographics, Study Variables
| Variable | Mean | Range | Standard Deviation | Percentage |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal Age (Years) | 28.67 | 20 – 42 | 5.27 | |
| Infant Sex | ||||
| Males | 50.8% | |||
| Females | 49.2% | |||
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Caucasian | 91.9% | |||
| African American | 3.7% | |||
| Asian | 2.9% | |||
| Hispanic/Latino | 1.5% | |||
| Living Arrangement | ||||
| Married | 93.1% | |||
| Divorced/Separated | 1.6% | |||
| Single | 3.8% | |||
| Remarried | 1.5% | |||
| Highest Education Attainment | 15.87 Years | 10 – 20 Years | 2.29 Years | |
| Less Than High School | 2.8% | |||
| High School Diploma | 6.4% | |||
| Some College | 26.2% | |||
| Bachelors Degree | 39.7% | |||
| Graduate Degree | 24.8% | |||
| Family Income | ||||
| $0 – $7,000 | 5.2% | |||
| $7,001 – $10,000 | ||||
| 3.0% | ||||
| $10,001 – $13,000 | 5.2% | |||
| $13,001 – $16,000 | 4.5% | |||
| $16,001 – $20,000 | 9.0% | |||
| $20,001 – $30,000 | 10.4% | |||
| $30,001 – $50,000 | 29.9% | |||
| $50,001 – $75,000 | 17.2% | |||
| Over – $75,000 | 15.7% | |||
| Mother-infant Interaction Factors (N = 148) | ||||
| Sensitivity/Responsiveness | 10.58 | 4.00 – 14.00 | 2.25 | |
| Reciprocity/Synchrony | 7.46 | 2.00 – 14.00 | 2.57 | |
| Tempo | 7.12 | 2.00 – 12.00 | 2.54 | |
| Emotional Tone | 9.60 | 5.00 – 14.00 | 1.97 | |
| Intensity | 7.74 | 2.00 – 13.00 | 2.61 | |
| Approach/Avoidance Indicators | ||||
| Parent-report of Fear | ||||
| 6-Month IBQ-R (N = 147)1 | 2.27 | 1.00 – 4.31 | 0.77 | |
| 8-Month IBQ-R (N = 114) | 2.51 | 1.06 – 5.25 | 0.91 | |
| 10-Month IBQ-R (N = 102) | 2.81 | 1.00 – 5.13 | 0.85 | |
| 12-Month IBQ-R (N = 101) | 2.98 | 1.00 – 5.56 | 0.93 | |
| Laboratory Observations of Fear | ||||
| 6-Month Lab-TAB (N = 137)2 | 0.00 | −1.74 – 3.13 | 1.00 | |
| 8-Month Lab-TAB (N = 108) | 0.00 | −0.95 – 2.85 | 1.00 | |
| 10-Month Lab-TAB (N = 101) | 0.00 | −0.90 – 2.45 | 1.00 | |
| 12-Month Lab-TAB (N = 97) | 0.00 | −1.19 – 2.02 | 1.00 | |
| Parent-report of Smiling/Laughter | ||||
| 6-Month IBQ-R (N = 147) | 4.50 | 1.70 – 6.80 | 1.00 | |
| 8-Month IBQ-R (N = 114) | 4.49 | 2.00 – 6.20 | 0.97 | |
| 10-Month IBQ-R (N = 102) | 4.48 | 2.30 – 6.70 | 0.97 | |
| 12-Month IBQ-R (N = 101) | 4.56 | 2.10 – 6.60 | 0.91 | |
| Laboratory Observations of Positive Affectivity | ||||
| 6-Month Lab-TAB (N = 137) | 0.00 | −1.61 – 2.14 | 1.00 | |
| 8-Month Lab-TAB (N = 108) | 0.00 | −1.75 – 2.17 | 1.00 | |
| 10-Month Lab-TAB (N = 101) | 0.00 | −2.05 – 2.13 | 1.00 | |
| 12-Month Lab-TAB (N = 97) | 0.00 | −1.97 – 1.67 | 1.00 | |
Note. Mother infant interaction factors represent composite scores (sums); IBQ-R scores rep-resent 1–7 Likert scales; Lab-TAB composites are standardized sums.
1
One family did not complete 6-month IBQ-R.
2
Ten infants did not participate in 6-month laboratory observations.