Table 2.
Comorbidities, vital statistics and laboratory measurements among patients, stratified by body mass index (BMI) category
| Variable | N (%)* or median (IQR) |
BMI (kg/m2) N (%)* or median (IQR) |
||||
| <25 | 25–29.9 | 30–34.9 (I)† | 35–39.9 (II)† | ≥40 (III)† | ||
| All subjects (% within row) | 324 199 (100.0%) | 68 424 (21.1%) | 121 287 (37.4%) | 75 199 (23.2%) | 34 152 (10.5%) | 25 137 (7.8%) |
| Diabetes | 49 346 (15.2%) | 3063 (4.5%) | 15 196 (12.5%) | 14 542 (19.3%) | 8779 (25.7%) | 7766 (30.9%) |
| Pre-diabetes | 33 130 (10.2%) | 602 (0.9%) | 12 886 (10.6%) | 10 319 (13.7%) | 5087 (14.9%) | 4236 (16.9%) |
| Hypertension | 138 874 (42.8%) | 15 854 (23.2%) | 49 460 (40.8%) | 38 558 (51.3%) | 19 435 (56.9%) | 15 567 (61.9%) |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)‡ | 124 (114–135) | 118 (108–128) | 124 (114–134) | 126 (118–137) | 128 (120–138) | 130 (120–140) |
| Missing | 156 (0.0%) | |||||
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)‡ | 77 (70–83) | 72 (66–80) | 77 (70–82) | 79 (71–84) | 80 (72–85) | 80 (72–86) |
| Missing | 158 (0.0%) | |||||
| Low-density lipoprotein (mg/dL)‡ | 104 (84–126) | 99 (80–120) | 106 (85–128) | 106 (85–128) | 105 (84–127) | 104 (84–124) |
| Missing, n (%) | 60 448 (18.6%) | |||||
| High-density lipoprotein (mg/dL)‡ | 52 (42–65) | 65 (53–79) | 53 (44–64) | 48 (40–58) | 46 (38–56) | 45 (38–55) |
| Missing | 55 634 (17.2%) | |||||
| Triglycerides (mg/dL)‡ | 99 (70–144) | 74 (56–102) | 97 (69–139) | 114 (80–164) | 119 (85–169) | 117 (84–165) |
| Missing | 56 398 (17.4%) | |||||
| Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL)‡,** | 93 (86–103) | 88 (82–94) | 97.5 (93–101) | 103.1 (95–106) | 107 (97–111) | 109.8 (97–114) |
| Missing | 177 139 (54.6%) | |||||
| Random blood glucose (mg/dL)‡ | 92 (84–103) | 88 (81–95) | 92 (85–101) | 95 (86–106) | 96 (86–111) | 97 (86–114) |
| Missing | 54 907 (16.9%) | |||||
| Glomerular filtration§ | 87.4 (73.5–100.2) |
92.0 (78.2–105.1) |
85.4 (72.1–97.9) |
85.4 (71.8–98.0) |
87.8 (73.2–100.4) |
91.5 (76.1–104.6) |
| Missing | 29 061 (9.0%) | |||||
| HbA1c (%)‡ | 5.8 (5.5–6.5) | 5.6 (5.3–5.9) | 5.8 (5.5–6.3) | 5.9 (5.6–6.6) | 6.0 (5.6–6.8) | 6.0 (5.7– 6.9) |
| Missing | 207 248 (63.9%) | |||||
| Cerebrovascular disease | 22 436 (6.9%) | 4120 (6.0%) | 9002 (7.4%) | 5465 (7.3%) | 2357 (6.9%) | 1492 (5.9%) |
| Coronary artery disease | 17 026 (5.3%) | 2210 (3.2%) | 6912 (5.7%) | 4769 (6.3%) | 1946 (5.7%) | 1189 (4.7%) |
| Heart failure¶ | 5500 (1.7%) | 994 (1.5%) | 1801 (1.5%) | 1368 (1.8%) | 741 (2.2%) | 596 (2.4%) |
Diabetes included patients with ICD-9 codes for type 1 or type 2 diabetes.
Pre-diabetes defined as having appropriate ICD-9 code within 2 years + one fasting glucose 100-125 mg/dL or at least two fasting glucose measurements of 100–125 mg/dL, or HbA1c 5.7%–6.4%.
Peripheral vascular disease was not included because it is inconsistently defined and not well-documented in medical records.
All measured associations between the weight classifications and the patient characteristics were statistically significant with a P value<0.0001.
*Except for ‘all subjects’ row, percentages reflect % within column (BMI) category.
†Obesity class.
‡Median (IQR).
§Glomerular filtration rate calculated via Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration.
¶Heart failure recorded prior to 1 July 2013.
**Determination of ‘fasting’ blood glucose:serum blood glucose obtained at the same time of those who had recorded fasting hours.
ICD-9, International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision.