Table 2.
Differences of microRNA (miRNA) expression in ASD subjects with high, normal, and low IL-1ß/IL-10 ratio
| miRNA numbers | miRNA numbers | |
|---|---|---|
| Upregulated | Downregulated | |
| Comparison between ASD samples | ||
| High ratioa,b vs. low ratio | 21 | 0 |
| > 4-fold higher 3a | ||
| > 3-fold higher 3 | ||
| High ratio vs. normal ratio | 19 | 0 |
| > 4-fold higher 4 | ||
| > 3-fold higher 2 | ||
| Low ratio vs. normal ratio | 0 | 0 |
| Comparison with normal controls | ||
| High ratio vs. controls | 7 | 0 |
| > 3-fold higher 2 | ||
| Low ratios vs. controls | 1 | 2 |
| > 3-fold lower 1 | ||
| Normal ratios vs. controls | 0 | 1 |
| All ASD samples vs. controls | 0 | 0 |
aHigh, normal, and low IL-1ß/IL-10 ratio groups were defined in the 1st paragraph of the “Results” section
bNumbers of ASD samples submitted for miRNA sequencing are the following: high ratio group (N = 43), low ratio group (N = 18), and normal ratio group (N = 47). Among non-ASD control cells (N = 27), 23 samples revealed normal IL-1ß/IL-10 ratios, 2 samples revealed high ratios with > + 1 SD in 2 culture conditions, and 2 samples had low ratios with < − 1 SD in 2 culture conditions. Thus, ASD samples examined in this study revealed much higher frequency of high/low IL-1ß/IL-10 ratios, as compared to non-ASD control cells (p < 0.0005 by Fisher’s exact test)