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. 2017 Nov 21;5:246. doi: 10.3389/fped.2017.00246

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Cytokine tracheal aspirates (TA) concentrations in infants treated with high PCO2 target levels compared to control target levels. Serial TA samples were obtained from PD2 to PD21. Data are displayed as the mean of TA levels and SD on a logarithmic scale. (A) Interleukin (IL)-6: number (n) of analyzed TA for each postnatal day and group (high PCO2 target group/control target group): PD2 n = 27/25, PD4 n = 24/28, PD7 n = 17/17, PD14 n = 11/15, PD21 n = 11/11. IL-6 TA levels were not affected in the high PCO2 target group from PD2 to PD21, but increased with advancing postnatal age in both groups (#p < 0.05). (B) IL-1β: number (n) of analyzed TA for each postnatal day and group (high PCO2 target group/control target group): PD2 n = 27/25, PD4 n = 24/28, PD7 n = 17/17, PD14 n = 11/15, PD21 n = 11/11. IL-1β TA levels strongly increased with advancing postnatal age in both groups (###p < 0.001). High PCO2 target levels did not affect IL-1β TA levels from PD2 to PD21. (C) Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1: number (n) of analyzed TA for each postnatal day and group (high PCO2 target group/control target group): PD2 n = 26/25, PD4 n = 23/27, PD7 n = 15/17, PD14 n = 11/15, PD21 n = 11/11. TGF-β1 TA levels were not altered by the treatment group from PD2 to PD21, but demonstrated elevated TA levels with advancing postnatal age in both groups (###p < 0.001). (D) IL-10: number (n) of analyzed TA for each postnatal day and group (high PCO2 target group/control target group): PD2 n = 27/25, PD4 n = 24/28, PD7 n = 17/17, PD14 n = 11/15, PD21 n = 11/11. IL-10 TA levels were not affected by the target group or postnatal age. PD, postnatal day.