Table 2.
Antimicrobial NRPs from marine microbes.
| Sr. No. | NRPs | Chemical architecture | Source | Biological target | Biological active value (MIC/IC50/GI50/ID50/ED50) | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BACTERIA | ||||||
| 1. | Bogorol A (1) | Linear peptide | Bacillus laterosporus | MRSA, VRE | 2 μg/mL, 10 μg/mL | Barsby et al., 2001 |
| 2. | Nocathiacins I–III (2–4) | Cyclic peptide | Nocardia sp. | multiple-drug resistant pathogens | 0.001–0.015, 0.0005-0.25, 0.002-0.06 μg/mL | Leet et al., 2003; Li et al., 2003 |
| 3. | YM- 266183 and YM- 266184 (5–6) | Cyclic peptide | Bacillus cereus | Staphylococci, Enterococci | 0.05–0.2 μg/mL, 0.013–0.025 μg/mL. 0.02–0.05 μg/mL, 0.006–0.01 μg/mL | Nagai et al., 2003; Suzumura et al., 2003 |
| 4. | cyclo-(glycyl-l-seryl-l-prolyl-l- glutamyl) (7) and cyclo-(glycyl-l-prolyl-l-glutamyl) (8) | Cyclic peptide | Ruegeria sp. | Bacillus subtilis | 25 and 50 μg/mL | Mitova et al., 2004 |
| 5. | Tauramamide (9) | Lipopeptide | B. laterosporus | Enterococcus sp. | 0.1 μg/mL | Desjardine et al., 2007 |
| 6 | Tetrapeptide cyclo-isoleucyl-prolyl-leucyl alanyl (10) and cyclo-phenylalanyl-prolyl-leucyl prolyl (11) | Cyclic tetra peptide | Pseudomonas sp. | Marine bacterial | – | Rungprom et al., 2008 |
| 7. | Unnarmicin A and C (12–13) | Depsipeptide | Photobacterium sp. | Pseudovibrio | 7–8 μg/mL | Oku et al., 2008b |
| 8. | Thiopeptide TP-1161 (14) | Cyclic peptide | Nocardiopsis sp. | Gram-positive bacteria | 0.25–4 μg/mL | Engelhardt et al., 2010 |
| 9. | Solonamide A–B (15–16) | Cyclo depsipeptide | Photobacterium halotolerans | S. aureus | – | Mansson et al., 2011 |
| 10. | Fijimycin A–C (17–19) | Depsipeptide | Streptomyces sp. | MRSA | 4–16 μg/mL | Sun et al., 2011 |
| 11. | Peptidolipins B–F (20–24) | Lipopeptide | Nocardia sp. | MRSA, MSSA | 64 μg/mL | Wyche et al., 2012 |
| 12. | Kocurin (25) | Cyclic peptide | Kocuria palustris | MRSA | 0.25 μg/mL | Martín et al., 2013 |
| 13. | Champacyclin (26) | Octapeptide | Streptomyces champavatii | Erwinia amylovora | 25 μM | Pesic et al., 2013 |
| 14. | Ngercheumicin F–I (27–30) | Cyclo depsipeptide | P. halotolerans | S. aureus | 5 μg/mL | Kjaerulff et al., 2013 |
| CYANOBACTERIA | ||||||
| 15. | Lobocyclamide B (31) | Cyclododecapeptide | Lyngbya confervoides | Fluconazole-resistant C. albicans | – | MacMillan and Molinski, 2002 |
| 16. | Brunsvicamide A–C (32–34) | Cyclic hexapeptide | Tychonema sp. | Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MptpB) | 7.3 μM | Müller et al., 2006 |
| FUNGI | ||||||
| 17. | Guangomides A–B (35–36) | Cyclic depsipeptide | Unidentified fungus | S. epidermis, E. durans | 100 μg/mL 100 μg/mL | Amagata et al., 2006 |
| 18. | 11-O-methylpseurotin A (37) | Linear peptide | Aspergillus fumigatus | Saccharomyces cerevisiae | – | Boot et al., 2007 |
| 19. | Emericellamides A–B (38–39) | Cyclic depsipeptides | Emericella sp. | MRSA | 3.8 and 6.0 μM | Oh et al., 2007 |
| 20. | Scopularides A–B (40–41) | Cyclododecapeptide | Scopulariopsis brevicaulis | Gram-positive bacteria | – | Yu et al., 2008 |
| 21. | Alternaramide (42) | Cyclic Penta depsipeptide | Alternaria sp. SF,5016 | B. subtilis and S. aureus | (ZOI 8 mm), (ZOI 13 mm) | Kim et al., 2009 |
| 22. | Trichoderins A, A', B2 (43–45) | Lipopeptide | Trichoderma sp. | Mycobacterium tuberculosis | 0.02–2.0 l g/mL | Pruksakorn et al., 2010 |
| 23. | Unguisin E (46) | Cyclic heptapeptide | Aspergillus sp. | Antibacterial | – | Liu and Shen, 2011 |
| 24. | Sclerotides A–B (47–48) | Cyclic hexapeptide | Aspergillus sclerotiorum | C. albicans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 7.0 and 3.5 μM. nil and, 35.3 μM | Zheng et al., 2009 |
| 25. | Sclerotiotides A–K (49–59) | Cyclic tripeptide | A. sclerotiorum PT06-1 | C. albicans | 7.5, 3.8, 30, 6.7μM | Zheng et al., 2010 |