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. 2017 Nov 27;8:1785. doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-01682-2

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — Plasma bile acid composition and therapeutic responses to Acarbose treatment differ in patients with a different baseline microbiota composition. a Plasma composition of bile acids in patients belonging to baseline enterotype-like clusters driven by Bacteroides (Cluster B) or Prevotella (Cluster P). Plasma levels of DCA, LCA, GDCA, GLCA and UDCA differed significantly between Cluster B and Cluster P at the baseline; plotted boxes are interquartile ranges. Dark lines in the boxes indicate medians, the lowest and highest values within 1.5 times IQR from the first and third quartiles, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, *P < 0.01, ⁺ P < 0.05. DCA deoxycholic acid, LCA lithocholic acid, GDCA glycodeoxycholic acid, GLCA glycolithocholic acid, UDCA ursodeoxycholic acid. b Percentage changes over baseline levels of fasting blood glucose (G0), insulin (Ins0), C peptide (CP0) and HOMA-IR differed significantly between Cluster B and Cluster P after Acarbose treatment; paired Wilcoxon rank-sum test, *P < 0.01, +P < 0.05. Cluster B, n = 36, Cluster P, n = 15 in Acarbose arm, bar plot is shown as mean ± S.D.