Table 1.
Clinical parameters in the pre-treatment and post-treatment samples in the two treatment arms
| Pre-treatment | Post-treatment | P value (Pre vs. Post) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acarbose (n = 51) | Glipizide (n = 43) | P value | Acarbose (n = 51) | Glipizide (n = 43) | P value | Acarbose | Glipizide | |
| Demographic characteristics | ||||||||
| Age (years) | 53 ± 7 | 54 ± 7 | 0.497 | NA | NA | NA | ||
| Gender (male/total) | 34/51 | 24/43 | 0.387 | NA | NA | NA | ||
| Body weight (kg) | 74.7 ± 10.3 | 71. 5 ± 10.7 | 0.067 | 72.1 ± 10.1 | 70.6 ± 10.2 | 0.190 | 2.36E−07 | 0.138 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.3 ± 3.2 | 26.0 ± 3.4 | 0.265 | 25.4 ± 3.2 | 25.7 ± 3.3 | 0.945 | 3.48E−07 | 0.113 |
| WC (cm) | 91.5 ± 8.5 | 90.7 ± 8.4 | 0.527 | 88.6 ± 7.3 | 89.5 ± 8.4 | 0.870 | 3.84E−04 | 0.144 |
| WHR | 0.92 ± 0.06 | 0.92 ± 0.05 | 0.485 | 0.90 ± 0.05 | 0.90 ± 0.06 | 0.779 | 0.005 | 0.019 |
| Glycaemic characteristics | ||||||||
| HbA1c (%) | 7.5 ± 0.8 | 7.7 ± 0.9 | 0.541 | 6.4 ± 0.5 | 6.3 ± 0.7 | 0.508 | 1.45E−09 | 1.82E−08 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 7.6 ± 1.4 | 7.9 ± 1.4 | 0.291 | 6.6 ± 0.9 | 6.7 ± 1.2 | 0.665 | 3.58E−07 | 2.48E−06 |
| PPG (mmol/L) | 14.3 ± 2.7 | 15.0 ± 2.8 | 0.164 | 9.2 ± 1.8 | 10.8 ± 2.8 | 0.002 | 5.30E−10 | 6.29E−10 |
| AUC blood glucose (mmol/L*min) | 2241 ± 363 | 2381 ± 351 | 0.077 | 1507 ± 263 | 1804 ± 359 | 6.55E−05 | 5.30E−10 | 6.98E−11 |
| AUC Insulin (pmol/L*min) | 5981 ± 3340 | 5460 ± 2507 | 0.697 | 3700 ± 1989 | 6618 ± 3536 | 1.62E−06 | 2.40E−06 | 0.019 |
| AUC C Peptide (ng/mL*min) | 528 ± 210 | 501 ± 154 | 0.978 | 389 ± 143 | 575 ± 161 | 1.94E−07 | 1.94E−08 | 0.002 |
| HOMA-IR (μIU *mmol) | 3.7 ± 2.3 | 3.6 ± 2.1 | 0.868 | 2.6 ± 1.8 | 2.9 ± 2.1 | 0.638 | 0.002 | 0.050 |
| Other clinical indices | ||||||||
| SBP (mmHg) | 127 ± 16 | 131 ± 18 | 0.431 | 121 ± 13 | 131 ± 19 | 0.128 | 0.022 | 0.043 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 82 ± 8 | 81 ± 10 | 0.675 | 75 ± 8 | 76 ± 9 | 0.703 | 2.94E−05 | 0.013 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 2.5 ± 2.1 | 2.1 ± 1.2 | 0.459 | 1.6 ± 1.2 | 1.7 ± 0.8 | 0.093 | 2.39E−05 | 0.382 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.1 ± 1.2 | 4.9 ± 1.0 | 0.696 | 4.8 ± 1.2 | 4.8 ± 0.9 | 0.712 | 0.007 | 0.228 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 0.500 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 1.3 ± 0.6 | 0.864 | 0.276 | 0.5355 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.1 ± 1.0 | 3.1 ± 0.8 | 0.492 | 3.0 ± 1.0 | 2.9 ± 0.8 | 0.514 | 0.484 | 0.0357 |
| FLI | 334 ± 554 | 237 ± 341 | 0.352 | 101 ± 147 | 1621 ± 271 | 0.400 | 1.92E−09 | 0.013 |
WC, waist circumference; WHR, waist–hip circumference ratio; HbA1c, glycated haemoglobin; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; PPG, postprandial plasma glucose; AUC, area under the curve; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; FLI, fatty liver index: FLI = (e0.953 × loge [TG] + 0.139 × BMI + 0.718 × loge[γGT] + 0.053 × WC − 15.745)/(1 + e0.953 × loge [TG] + 0.139 × BMI + 0.718 × loge [γGT] + 0.053 × WC − 15.745) × 100. γGT, gamma-glutamyltransferase
Data are presented as mean ± SD