IRBP prevents the formation of lipofuscin precursors but does not remove precursors already formed. LFP levels were measured from rod outer segment fluorescence (excitation, 490 nm; emission, >515 nm) before bleaching (dark) and 60 min after bleaching (post-bleach). A, bROS from a 129/Sv mouse without added IRBP. B, metabolically intact rod photoreceptors from an Abca4−/− mouse without added IRBP. Bar, 5 μm. C, bROS from 129/Sv wild-type mice without added IRBP (●, n = 6) and in the presence of 5 μm IRBP (○, n = 10). D, bROS from Abca4−/− mice without added IRBP (▴, n = 6), and in the presence of 5 μm IRBP (▵, n = 8). E, metabolically intact rod photoreceptors from Abca4−/− mice without added IRBP (♦, n = 7) and in the presence of 5 μm IRBP (♢, n = 7). F, metabolically intact rod photoreceptors from Rdh8−/− mice without added IRBP (■, n = 11) and in the presence of 5 μm IRBP (□, n = 9). Asterisks denote statistical significance. Error bars represent standard deviations.