Table 4.

Results of the mediation analysis, controlled for age, gender, years of education and MRI protocol.

Diagnosis	ROI	PVC	Direct Effect (c′) β [95% CI]	Indirect effect (a ∗ b) β [95% CI]
MCI vs. HC	Left hippocampus	With PVC	− 0.45 [− 1.17, 0.28]	− 0.23† [− 0.73, 0.002]
		Without PVC	− 0.53 [− 1.44, 0.38]	− 0.38† [− 1.09, 0.01]
	Right hippocampus	With PVC	− 0.46 [− 1.24, 0.31]	− 0.17 [− 0.56, 0.04]
		Without PVC	− 0.71 [− 1.16, 1.06]	− 0.21 [− 1.13, 0.31]
	Posterior cingulate cortex	With PVC	− 0.32 [− 1.43, 0.79]	− 0.22 [− 0.98,0.24]
		Without PVC	− 0.35 [− 1.45, 0.74]	− 0.22 [− 1.01, 0.33]
AD vs. HC	Left hippocampus	With PVC	− 0.47 [− 1.47, 0.54]	− 1.28* [− 2.43, − 0.44]
		Without PVC	− 0.68 [− 1.9, 0.54]	− 1.75*[− 3.26, − 0.63]
	Right hippocampus	With PVC	0.35 [− 0.55, 1.24]	− 1.44* [− 2.64, − 0.65]
		Without PVC	− 0.06 [− 1.22, 1.10]	− 1.74* [− 3.72, − 0.42]
	Posterior cingulate cortex	With PVC	− 0.69 [− 2.15, 0.76]	− 1.83* [− 3.32, − 0.66]
		Without PVC	− 1.04 [− 2.52, 0.44]	− 1.52* [− 2.95, − 0.32]
AD vs. MCI	Left hippocampus	With PVC	− 0.02 [− 0.65, 0.62]	− 0.51* [− 1.07, − 0.14]
		Without PVC	− 0.37 [− 1.18, 0.44]	− 0.74* [− 1.41, − 0.18]
	Right hippocampus	With PVC	0.05 [− 0.52, 0.61]	− 0.48* [− 0.97, − 0.15]
		Without PVC	− 0.27 [− 1.07, 0.54]	− 0.77* [− 1.54, − 0.1]
	Posterior cingulate cortex	With PVC	− 0.23 [− 1.52, 1.07]	− 1.61* [− 3.23, − 0.53]
		Without PVC	− 0.60 [− 1.9, 0.70]	− 1.3* [− 2.73, − 0.33]

* The 95% CI does not include zero.

^† the corresponding 90% CI does not include zero.