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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Nov 27.
Published in final edited form as: J Biomech. 2016 Aug 8;49(14):3252–3259. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.08.003

Table 1.

Mean (SD) Angular Displacement Values for Individual FSU Range of Motion, Elastic Zone, and Neutral Zone.

FSU Level Load Level Lateral Bending Flexion/Extension Axial Rotation Flexion Extension
ROM
(°)		 EZ
(°)		 NZ
(°)		 ROM
(°)		 EZ
(°)		 NZ
(°)		 ROM
(°)		 EZ
(°)		 NZ
(°)		 ROM
(°)		 ROM
(°)
T1/T2 0 N 2.96
(1.76)		 0.62
(0.41)		 1.50
(0.97)		 7.23
(5.73)		 2.70
(1.96)		 2.01
(1.63)		 4.76
(3.00)		 1.57
(0.9 2)		 1.02
(0.69)		 4.58
(3.73)		 2.79
(1.99)
200 N 0.81
(1.11)* 		0.29
(0.42)		 0.29
(0.22)* 		6.19
(4.37)		 2.37
(1.62)		 1.36
(0.86)		 4.37
(1.40)		 1.49
(0.4 2)		 0.83
(0.73)* 		4.19
(3.09)		 1.91
(1.04)
400 N 0.80
(1.19)* 		0.27
(0.39)		 0.33
(0.33)* 		4.59
(3.03)† 		1.72
(1.22)		 0.93
(0.48)† 		3.51
(1.67)		 1.38
(0.6 4)		 0.76
(0.55)		 2.91
(2.14)		 1.46
(0.74)*†
T4/T5 0 N 1.95
(1.21)		 0.49
(0.29)		 0.95
(0.85)		 1.53
(1.06)		 0.61
(0.44)		 0.23
(0.15)		 1.78
(1.37)		 0.75
(0.53)		 0.35
(0.27)		 1.10
(0.89)		 0.42
(0.21)
200 N 0.42
(0.28)* 		0.15
(0.10)* 		0.32
(0.31)* 		1.53
(1.57)		 0.65
(0.57)		 0.36
(0.40)		 1.64
(0.87)		 0.72
(0.4 0)		 0.33
(0.30)		 1.04
(1.21)		 0.49
(0.40)
400 N 0.60
(0.73)* 		0.14
(0.14)* 		- 1.49
(1.26)		 0.53
(0.41)		 0.44
(0.54)		 1.46
(0.70)		 0.63
(0.3 0)		 0.15
(0.08)* 		0.82
(0.69)		 0.63
(0.55)
T8/T9 0 N 2.47
(1.68)		 0.71
(0.32)		 0.76
(0.93)		 1.57
(1.00)		 0.60
(0.33)		 0.35
(0.37)		 4.05
(2.32)		 1.73
(0.9 6)		 0.58
(0.48)		 1.12
(0.76)		 0.44
(0.25)
200 N 1.02
(1.02)* 		0.20
(0.21)* 		0.78
(0.68)		 1.46
(1.30)		 0.47
(0.36)		 0.50
(0.57)		 3.03
(1.65)		 1.81
(1.0 1)		 0.80
(0.80)		 0.95
(0.91)		 0.48
(0.38)
400 N 0.34
(0.24)* 		0.09
(0.09)* 		- 1.34
(1.27)† 		0.40
(0.31)*† 		0.52
(0.64)		 3.72
(2.27)* 		1.54
(0.7 8)		 0.64
(0.73)		 0.83
(0.85)† 		0.49
(0.41)
T11/T 12 0 N 7.85
(3.48)		 3.12
(1.28)		 1.62
(1.29)		 3.90
(2.54)		 1.28
(0.80)		 1.28
(1.02)		 3.18
(1.71)		 1.37
(0.7 7)		 0.48
(0.24)		 2.62
(1.75)		 1.23
(0.81)
200 N 4.96
(2.47)		 1.14
(0.70)* 		2.68
(1.12)		 3.98
(2.39)		 1.15
(0.71)		 1.62
(0.98)		 3.61
(1.59)		 1.46
(0.56)		 0. 68
(0.68)		 2.31
(1.66)		 1.60
(1.06)*
400 N 3.08
(2.26)*† 		0.40
(0.28)*† 		2.34
(1.76)		 3.58
(2.31)		 0.90
(0.50)		 1.70
(1.28)		 3.09
(1.32)		 1.31
(0.54)		 0.47
(0.45)		 1.93
(1.47)† 		1.58
(0.87)
-

denotes missing values due to less than five specimen contributing to the average value

*

denotes statistically significant values between 0-200 N and 0-400 N (p < .05)

†

denotes statistically significant values between 200-400 N (p<.05)