Table 3. Mean (SD) Stiffness Values for Individual FSU Elastic Zone Stiffness and Neutral Zone Stiffness.
| FSU Level | Load Level | Lateral Bending | Flexion/Extension | Axial Rotation | Flexion | Extension | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||||||
| EZS (Nm/°) |
NZS (Nm/°) |
EZS (Nm/°) |
NZS (Nm/°) |
EZS (Nm/°) |
NZS (Nm/°) |
EZS (Nm/°) |
NZS (Nm/°) |
EZS (Nm/°) |
NZS (Nm/°) |
||
| T1/T2 | 0 N | 6.30 (3.54) |
3.05 (3.42) |
8.96 (10.3) |
1.20 (1.25) |
4.75 (1.71) |
1.59 (1.22) |
3.63 (2.81) |
1.23 (1.04) |
3.06 (1.63) |
1.18 (1.49) |
| 200 N | - | - | 4.76 (7.33) |
2.37 (2.77) |
5.31 (1.12) |
2.76 (2.63) |
1.18 (0.45) |
2.41 (1.80) |
3.21 (1.59) |
2.33 (4.14) |
|
| 400 N | - | - | 6.33 (9.64) |
2.26 (1.43) |
5.26 (1.92) |
3.43 (2.95) |
2.22 (2.19) |
3.14 (2.21)† |
3.29 (1.90) |
1.38 (0.75) |
|
| T4/T5 | 0 N | 8.71 (4.36) |
3.90 (1.73) |
19.6 (8.47) |
6.72 (3.92) |
7.84 (3.48) |
3.53 (2.44) |
7.92 (4.01) |
7.70 (3.83) |
- | 4.68 (3.27) |
| 200 N | - | - | 9.04 (3.57)* |
5.31 (3.32) |
11.3 (3.38)* |
4.74 (2.67) |
4.51 (1.99) |
7.01 (4.30) |
13.6 (5.39) |
3.62 (2.41) |
|
| 400 N | - | - | 11.1 (5.91)* |
4.13 (2.55) |
6.79 (2.05) |
5.77 (2.96) *† |
- | 5.39 (3.65) |
- | 2.86 (1.52) |
|
| T8/T9 | 0 N | 8.00 (3.57) |
2.92 (2.11) |
30.7 (35.8) |
7.22 (2.88) |
7.56 (3.59) |
1.72 (1.01) |
8.64 (3.43) |
10.6 (4.10) |
- | 3.82 (2.87) |
| 200 N | 5.26 (1.56) |
10.1 (2.4 0) |
43.8 (76.7) |
7.39 (3.67) |
5.63 (1.72) |
1.82 (1.04) |
6.95 (4.59) |
10.4 (4.22) |
14.7 (4.88) |
4.35 (3.21) |
|
| 400 N | - | - | 22.4 (14.4) |
8.21 (4.77) |
5.81 (2.56) |
2.37 (1.19)* |
8.83 (4.72) |
11.0 (5.90) |
- | 5.38 (3.87) |
|
| T11/T1 2 | 0 N | 3.81 (1.84) |
0.73 (0.47) |
9.88 (6.55) |
3.97 (3.58) |
4.87 (2.35) |
2.18 (1.03) |
7.31 (5.94) |
6.10 (5.66) |
8.07 (4.03) |
1.83 (1.70) |
| 200 N | 3.75 (1.79) |
1.99 (1.19)* |
8.23 (4.23) |
2.99 (2.02) |
5.71 (3.73) |
2.24 (0.98) |
7.43 (4.57) |
4.43 (3.02) |
6.84 (5.03) |
1.55 (1.20) |
|
| 400 N | 4.65 (4.78) |
5.19 (2.76)*† |
5.44 (3.31) |
3.06 (1.82) |
3.61 (0.93) |
3.06 (1.68)† |
5.41 (3.93) |
4.22 (2.66) |
5.47 (3.71) |
1.91 (1.60) |
|
-
denotes missing values due to less than five specimen contributing to the average value
*
denotes statistically significant values between 0-200 N and 0-400 N (p < .05)
†
denotes statistically significant values between 200-400 N (p<.05)