Table 9.
Measurement studies in schools.
| Reference | Country | Means for all RF radiation in µW/m2 (lowest and highest personal mean) | Means for Wi-Fi in µW/m2 (lowest and highest personal mean) | Means in µW/m2 for other RF sources (lowest and highest personal mean) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vermeeren et al.a (76) | Belgium Greece |
403.6, mostly FM-radio and GSM 900 424.6, mostly GSM 1800 and 3G |
6.6 21.4 |
FM 223.2 GSM 900 76.7 GSM 1800 193.4 UMTS 44.8 |
| Verloock et al.a (78) | Belgium | 325.1 | 152.8 | |
| Kurnaz et al.a (81) | Turkey May 2016 June 2016 School with highest exposure |
Mostly LTE 800, GSM 900,1800, UMTS 2100 229.2 171.3 29.944.7 |
1.5 | |
| Karipidis et al. (83) | Australia | 50–67 | ||
| Body-borne exposimeters | ||||
| Valic et al.a (77) | Slovenia Detection limit 6.6 |
9.5 (6.6–16.9) | GSM 13.0 (6.6–106.1) DECT 13.0 (6.6–152.8) |
|
| Gajšek et al.a (80) | Slovenia | 85.9 | 16.9 | |
| Roser et al. (79) | Switzerland | 59.7 | 2.2 (1.0–7.4) | |
| The present study | Sweden | 22.5 (1.1–66.1) | 2.4 GHz: 2.8 (0.2–8.9) 5 GHz: 3.1 (0–10.4) |
Downlink forLTE 800 4.1 (0–27.5) GSM + UMTS 900 3.0 (0.1–28.1) UMTS 2100 0.7 (0–3.3) LTE 2600 1.5 (0–16.0) |
aIn these papers, the radiofrequency (RF) radiation was measured in volts per meter. To make the measured values comparable electric field strength (E) in volts per meter have been converted to power density (S) in microwatts per square meter with the formula S = 0.002654 × E2 × 106.