Table 1. Descriptive statistics of the study population.
| n | ||||||
| Technical measurements examined | 125 | |||||
| Technical measurements with valid data | 113 | |||||
| Responders to 6-month questionnaire | 86 | |||||
| Construction workers | 56 | |||||
| Health care workers | 57 | |||||
| Total | Construction work |
Health care work |
||||
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |
| Individual factors: | ||||||
| Age [years]* | 42.5 | 11.8 | 39.8 | 13.3 | 45.1 | 9.4 |
| Height [cm] | 173.6 | 9.5 | 179.8 | 6.5 | 167.6 | 8.1 |
| Weight [kg] | 76.5 | 13.2 | 82.4 | 11.7 | 70.5 | 12.1 |
| BMI [kg/m2] | 25.3 | 3.6 | 25.5 | 3.4 | 25.1 | 3.8 |
| Work exposure [% of time]: | ||||||
| Arm inclination >30° | 36.7 | 12.1 | 40.6 | 13.1 | 32.8 | 9.8 |
| Arm inclination >60° | 7.0 | 6.2 | 9.0 | 6.7 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
| Arm inclination >90° | 2.1 | 3.5 | 2.7 | 3.4 | 1.4 | 3.6 |
| Arm inclination >120° | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| Leisure exposure [% of time]: | ||||||
| Arm inclination >30° | 44.5 | 14.3 | 47.3 | 13.2 | 41.9 | 14.8 |
| Arm inclination >60° | 10.3 | 7.7 | 12.7 | 9.0 | 8.1 | 5.4 |
| Arm inclination >90° | 2.5 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.5 | 1.9 | 2.6 |
| Arm inclination >120° | 1.0 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 2.2 | 0.5 | 0.6 |
| Shoulder pain at baseline [0–3]** | ||||||
| Dominant shoulder | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 |
| Opposite shoulder | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.8 |
| Shoulder pain at 6 months [0–3]** | ||||||
| Dominant shoulder | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.9 |
| Opposite shoulder | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.8 |
| Psychological state [0–3]** | ||||||
| Psychological complaint severity index(PSI) | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.5 |
| Psychological and organizational factors [0–3]*** | ||||||
| Quantitative job demands | 3.0 | 0.7 | 3.0 | 0.6 | 3.1 | 0.7 |
| Decision control during work | 3.1 | 0.7 | 3.2 | 0.7 | 3.0 | 0.8 |
| Pacing control | 2.9 | 0.7 | 2.9 | 0.6 | 2.9 | 0.8 |
| Social climate in the organization | 3.2 | 0.5 | 3.1 | 0.5 | 3.2 | 0.6 |
| Self-reported work with hands above shoulder height [0–5]**** | ||||||
| Baseline | 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 0.9 | 1.2 |
| 6-months | 1.7 | 1.0 | 1.9 | 1.1 | 1.5 | 0.9 |
* Range [y]: 19–67 (Total); 19–67 (Construction work); 20–64 (Health care work)
** Response alternatives: (0) not troubled, (1) little troubled, (2) partly troubled, and (3) seriously troubled
*** Response alternatives: (0) never, (1) rather little, (2) somewhat, (3) rather much, and (4) very much
**** Response alternatives: (0) never, (1) sometimes, (2) approximately 25% of the time, (3) approximately 55% of the time, (4) approximately 75% of the time, and (5) all the time