TABLE 2.
List of clinical isolates of Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas species and their MICs (IPM and MEM), CIMTris, and mCIM results
| Species | No. of isolates | Carbapenemase-encoding gene(s) | MICs (μg/ml) |
CIMTris |
mCIM (no. positive/no. of isolates tested) | Reference or source | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IPM | MEM | No. positive/no. of isolates tested | Inhibited by SMA | Inhibited by CVA | |||||
| Acinetobacter spp. harboring acquired carbapenemase-encoding genes | |||||||||
| A. baumannii | 1 | NDM-1, OXA-69a | 128 | 256 | 1/1 | + | − | 0/1 | This study |
| 1 | OXA-23, OXA-104a | 32 | 64 | 1/1 | − | − | 0/1 | 13 | |
| 1 | OXA-23, OXA-371a | 8 | 16 | 1/1 | − | − | 0/1 | 13 | |
| 2 | OXA-23, OXA-402a | 16–32 | 16–32 | 2/2 | −b | −b | 0/2 | This study | |
| 1 | OXA-23, OXA-51-likea | 32 | 16 | 1/1 | − | − | 0/1 | This study | |
| 1 | OXA-23, OXA-58, OXA-66a | 8 | 8 | 1/1 | − | − | 0/1 | This study | |
| 1 | OXA-23, OXA-64a | 16 | 32 | 1/1 | − | − | 0/1 | This study | |
| 4 | OXA-23, OXA-66a | 16–32 | 16–64 | 4/4 | −b | −b | 0/4 | This study | |
| 1 | OXA-23-like, OXA-91a | 32 | 64 | 1/1 | − | − | 0/1 | This study | |
| 5 | OXA-72, OXA-66a | 64–128 | 64–256 | 5/5 | −b | −b | 4/5 | 12 | |
| A. bereziniae | 1 | NDM-1 | 8 | 128 | 1/1 | + | − | 1/1 | This study |
| A. calcoaceticus | 1 | NDM-1 | 128 | 128 | 1/1 | + | − | 0/1 | This study |
| 1 | OXA-58 | 16 | 4 | 0/1 | NDc | ND | 0/1 | This study | |
| A. indicus | 1 | NDM-1 | 32 | 32 | 1/1 | + | − | 0/1 | This study |
| A. nosocomialis | 1 | IMP-14 | 128 | 128 | 1/1 | + | − | 1/1 | This study |
| 2 | OXA-23 | 16–32 | 32 | 2/2 | −b | −b | 0/2 | This study | |
| A. pittii | 1 | OXA-23 | 32 | 32 | 1/1 | ND | ND | 0/1 | This study |
| A. radioresistens | 1 | OXA-23-like | <0.5 | <0.5 | 0/1 | ND | ND | 0/1 | This study |
| A. ursingii | 2 | IMP-10 | 64–128 | 256 | 2/2 | +b | −b | 2/2 | This study |
| Acinetobacter spp. not harboring acquired carbapenemase-encoding genes | |||||||||
| A. baumannii | 1 | OXA-69a (ISAba1 positive)d | 32 | 64 | 1/1 | − | − | 0/1 | This study |
| 1 | OXA-70a (ISAba1 negative) | <0.5 | 2 | 0/1 | ND | ND | 0/1 | 13 | |
| 1 | OXA-82a (ISAba1 positive) | 8 | 16 | 1/1 | − | − | 0/1 | 13 | |
| 1 | OXA-98a (ISAba1 negative) | 1 | 2 | 0/1 | ND | ND | 0/1 | 13 | |
| 5 | OXA-51-likea (ISAba1 negative) | <0.5–2 | <0.5–2 | 0/5 | ND | ND | 0/5 | This study | |
| A. nosocomialis | 4 | <0.5 | <0.5 | 0/4 | ND | ND | 0/4 | This study | |
| A. pittii | 1 | <0.5 | <0.5 | 0/1 | ND | ND | 0/1 | This study | |
| A. ursingii | 1 | <0.5 | <0.5 | 0/1 | ND | ND | 0/1 | This study | |
| Pseudomonas spp. harboring acquired carbapenemase-encoding genes | |||||||||
| P. aeruginosa | 1 | DIM-1 | 2 | 16 | 1/1 | + | − | 1/1 | 17 |
| 23 | GES-5 | 32–64 | 64–512 | 23/23 | −b | +b | 2/23 | This study | |
| 1 | GES-6 | 32 | 64 | 1/1 | − | + | 0/1 | This study | |
| 1 | IMP-1 | 64 | 512 | 1/1 | + | − | 1/1 | 10 | |
| 1 | IMP-6 | 64 | 256 | 1/1 | + | − | 1/1 | 15 | |
| 1 | IMP-7 | 64 | 128 | 1/1 | + | − | 1/1 | 11 | |
| 1 | IMP-10 | 64 | 128 | 1/1 | + | − | 1/1 | 15 | |
| 1 | IMP-15 | 64 | 32 | 1/1 | + | − | 0/1 | 16 | |
| 1 | IMP-26 | 256 | 512 | 1/1 | + | − | 1/1 | 16 | |
| 2 | IMP-34 | 16–512 | 32–1,024 | 2/2 | +b | −b | 2/2 | 15 | |
| 1 | IMP-43 | 512 | 512 | 1/1 | + | − | 1/1 | 11 | |
| 1 | IMP-44 | 512 | 512 | 1/1 | + | − | 1/1 | 11 | |
| 1 | IMP-51 | 32 | 512 | 1/1 | + | − | 1/1 | 14 | |
| 1 | NDM-1 | 128 | 128 | 1/1 | + | − | 1/1 | This study | |
| 2 | VIM-1 | 256 | 256–512 | 2/2 | +b | −b | 2/2 | This study | |
| 3 | VIM-2 | 16–256 | 8–128 | 3/3 | +b | −b | 2/3 | This study | |
| P. fulva | 1 | NDM-1 | 128 | 1,024 | 1/1 | + | − | 1/1 | This study |
| P. mendocina | 2 | DIM-1 | <0.5–1 | 8 | 2/2 | +b | −b | 2/2 | This study |
| P. monteilii | 1 | NDM-1 | 512 | >1,024 | 1/1 | − | − | 1/1 | This study |
| P. putida | 2 | NDM-1 | 32–64 | 128–512 | 2/2 | +b | −b | 2/2 | This study |
| 5 | VIM-2 | 1–512 | 8–512 | 5/5 | +b | −b | 5/5 | This study | |
| Pseudomonas spp. not harboring acquired carbapenemase-encoding genes | |||||||||
| P. aeruginosa | 12e | 4–16 | 4–16 | 0/12 | ND | ND | 0/12 | This study | |
a
OXA-type β-lactamase encoding genes that are intrinsic genes in Acinetobacter baumannii.
b
All isolates tested showed the same results.
c
ND, not determined.
d
ISAba1 positive/negative indicates the presence/absence of this gene.
e
Of 12 P. aeruginosa isolates, 5 harbored a GES-1-encoding gene, 1 harbored GES-7, and 2 harbored GES-9, whereas 4 did not harbor any of these β-lactamase genes. GES-1, GES-7, and GES-9 encode proteins that do not have carbapenemase activity.