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. 2017 Nov 27;7:16428. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-16681-y

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Isolation of disease-associated autoantibody clones in SLE. (A–C) Summary of self-reactive tests for reconstituted monoclonal antibodies. Percentages of self-reactive clones determined by anti-dsDNA and anti-CL ELISA (A), polyreactive clones to self-antigens (dsDNA, CL and insulin as a unrelated self-antigen) (healthy donors [6 donors, n = 150], SLE patients in remission [3 donors, n = 74], and SLE acute patients [5 donors, n = 199]) (B), and ANA clones in IFA (healthy donors [6 donors, n = 150], SLE patients in remission [3 donors, n = 74], SLE acute patients [6 donors, n = 239]) (C). (D and E) IFA. Hep 2 cells were stained with diluted sera (D), dilution factor = 1:160 or more for acute SLE subjects, 1:40 for healthy control), or represented monoclonal ANA clones (2 μg/ml for SLE10C6; 0.67 μg/ml for 51F1, 91E12, and 113F3; 0.2 μg/ml for 121G9 and SLE7H4), or non-ANA clone HD2A3 (2 μg/ml). Bars = 20 μm (E).