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. 2017 Nov 27;7:16432. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-16634-5

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Differentially expressed genes in the silver-treated Scenedesmus obliquus. (a) The number of differentially expressed genes (≥2-fold up/down-regulated, P < 0.05) derived from Scenedesmus obliquus after exposure for 96 h to r-Ag NCs,r-Ag NCs + L-cysteine and Ag⁺ as compared to control. The numbers of up- and down-regulated genes for each of the silver treatments are indicated on the bars. (b) Venn diagram showing numbers of differentially expressed genes (≥2-fold up/down-regulated, P < 0.05) from Scenedesmus obliquus after exposure to r-Ag NCs, r-Ag NCs + L-cysteine and Ag⁺. (c) Heatmap of differentially expressed genes (≥2-fold up/down-regulated, P < 0.05) from Scenedesmus obliquus exposed to control, r-Ag NCs, r-Ag NCs + L-cysteine and Ag⁺. The heatmap was established using all differentially expressed genes by Cluster 3.0/TreeView software. The level of gene expression was shown using a color gradient from green (low expression) to red (high expression).