Table 1.
Lateral dimension and recovery rate of exfoliated GO flakes via sonication and homogenization method under various experimental conditions.
| Exfoliation method | Time (h) | Condition | Lateral dimension (µm) | Recovery rate (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sonication | 1 | 80 W | ~50 | 7.3 ± 0.7 |
| 3 | 80 W | ~40 | 11.7 ± 0.6 | |
| 5 | 80 W | ~20 | 16.2 ± 0.8 | |
| 1 | 150 W | ~5 | 92.1 ± 1.9 | |
| 3 | 150 W | ~5 | 98.3 ± 2.0 | |
| 5 | 150 W | ~0.5 | 98.9 ± 2.1 | |
| 1 | 200 W | ~0.8 | 98.8 ± 1.3 | |
| 3 | 200 W | ~0.5 | 99.0 ± 1.9 | |
| 5 | 200 W | ~0.3 | 99.1 ± 2.9 | |
| Homogenization | 1 | 3000 rpm | ~40 | 6.1 ± 0.8 |
| 3 | 3000 rpm | ~30 | 13.5 ± 0.5 | |
| 5 | 3000 rpm | ~15 | 26.7 ± 1.6 | |
| 1 | 6000 rpm | ~25 | 21.3 ± 0.4 | |
| 3 | 6000 rpm | ~15 | 24.3 ± 1.6 | |
| 5 | 6000 rpm | ~10 | 32.2 ± 1.0 | |
| 1 | 9000 rpm | ~20 | 49.1 ± 1.9 | |
| 3 | 9000 rpm | ~15 | 50.6 ± 1.2 | |
| 5 | 9000 rpm | ~10 | 71.2 ± 2.2 |
Sonication power: 80, 150, and 200 W. Homogenization rotation speed: 3000, 6000, and 9000 rpm. Exfoliation time: 1, 3, and 5 hr.