Table 4.

Comparative levels of lung cancer biomarkers in blood plasma of patients with non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) and healthy people.

Tumor-Associated Protein	NSCLC	SCLC	Normal
LDH	525.079 ± 24.817 ng mL−1 [134]	209.880 ± 161.322 ng mL−1 [134]	<245 ng mL−1 [134]
CRP	25.079 ± 24.817 ng mL−1 [134]	14.935 ± 21.078 ng mL−1 [134]	<8 ng mL−1 [134]
CEA	51.493 ± 77.529 ng mL−1 [134] 78.5 ng mL−1 [23] ≥ 100 ng mL−1 [65]	25.074 ± 40.957 [134]	<5.0 ng mL−1 5.0 ng mL−1 [23,61] <20.9 ng mL−1 6.5 ng mL−1 [66]
NSE	13.638 ± 5.571 ng mL−1 [134] >6.4 ng mL−1 [19] 5–35 ng mL−1 17.95 ng mL−1 [61] 0–170 ng mL−1 [23]	62.972 ± 63.012 [134] 50.8 ng mL−1 [61] 15–173 ng mL−1 [23]	15.7–17.1 ng mL−1 15.2 ng mL−1 13 ng mL−1 [65]
CYFRA21-1	12.447 ± 15.814 ng mL−1 [134] 81.7 ng mL−1 [23]	6.418 ± 9.567 ng mL−1 [134]	<3.3 ng mL−1 [134] 3.3 ng mL−1 [35] 3.3 ng mL−1 [61,65] 0.5 ng mL−1 [65] 2.0 ng mL−1 [23]
SCCA	0.22–3.79 ng mL−1 [61] 0.5–1.7 >2 ng mL−1 [135]	0.15 ng mL−1 [61]	1.5 ng mL−1 [23]
TPS	0–3842 ng mL−1 [136]	12.5–773 ng mL−1 [23]	34.9 ng mL−1 UL−1 [23]
ProGRP	<35 pg mL−1 [22]	>200 pg mL−1 [22]	<35 pg mL−1 [22]