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. 2017 Sep 22;14(5):4910–4918. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.5196

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Expression of GFAP and the development of mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity in CFA-induced MA. Effects of i.t. injection with DEX (2.5 µg) on (A) paw withdrawal mechanical threshold and (B) paw withdrawal thermal latency of the ipsilateral hind paws prior to the behavioral test on day 1–3 after surgery. **P<0.05, SHAM vs. CFA; #P<0.01, ##P<0.05, CFA vs. DEX; £P<0.01, ££P<0.05, CFA vs. EGCG; &&P<0.05, B vs. DEX; $$P<0.05, B vs. EGCG. (C and D) Western blot analysis of GFAP in the spinal dorsal horn of rats in the Sham, CFA, DEX, EGCG and B groups. Effects of intrathecal injection with DEX, BRL44408 and EGCG over 3 consecutive days on the GFAP levels in the spinal dorsal horn induced by MA on (C) day 3 and (D) day 7. GAPDH served as loading control. **P<0.05, SHAM vs. CFA; #P<0.01, DEX vs. CFA; £P<0.01, DEX vs. B; &&P<0.05, EGCG vs. CFA; $P<0.01, $$P<0.05, EGCG vs. B. Groups: Sham, i.a. injection with 50 µl sterile saline and i.t. injection with 20 µl sterile saline for 3 consecutive days; CFA, i.a. injection with 50 µl CFA; DEX, i.a. injection with 50 µl CFA and i.t. injection with DEX (2.5 µg/20 µl) for 3 consecutive days; B, i.a. injection with 50 µl CFA and pre-treatment with BRL44408 (15 µg/20 µl) 30 min prior to i.t. injection with DEX 2.5 (µg/20 µl) for 3 consecutive days; EGCG, i.a. injection with 50 µl CFA and i.t. injection with EGCG 30 µg for 3 consecutive days. CFA, complete Freund's adjuvant; MA, monoarthritis; DEX, dexmedetomidine; i.t., intrathecal; i.a., intra-articular; EGCG, epigallocatechin gallate; B, BRL44408; GFAP, glial fibrillary acid protein.