Table 4.
Concentrations of twelve polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (n=3), including one IARC group 1 carcinogen and two IARC group 2B carcinogens, detected in the various rapé samples.
| ACL | ACT | FLU | PHE | ANT | FLR | PYR | BAA | CHR | BBFa | BKFa | BAPa | PAH Sum b ng/g, wet | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ----------Average, ng/g, wet weight, n=3---------- | |||||||||||||||
| LOD (ng/g) | 10.3 | 2.16 | 13.3 | 6.71 | 3.56 | 7.35 | 5.65 | 1.56 | 1.42 | 0.79 | 0.53 | 1.01 | |||
|
| |||||||||||||||
| Rapé (manufactured, non-tobacco) | |||||||||||||||
| Rapé Cacitral | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | 11.4 | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | 1.18 | 3.51 | 16.1 | ||
| Rapé Guarany Cristal | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | 10.4 | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | 1.41 | <LOD | 4.6 | 16.4 | ||
|
| |||||||||||||||
| Rapé (manufactured, tobacco-containing) | |||||||||||||||
| Rapé Guarany Especial | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | 36.8 | 19 | 11.2 | 37.5 | <LOD | 3.18 | 2.69 | 1.27 | 11.1 | 123 | ||
| Rapé Guarany Especial (Canela) | 12.3 | 8.04 | <LOD | 35.3 | 21.2 | 13.9 | 25.6 | <LOD | 3.15 | 2.91 | 1.24 | 7.29 | 131 | ||
| Rapé Guarany Cravo | <LOD | 2.86 | 35.5 | 106 | 12.5 | 40.7 | 60.8 | 50.0 | 7.59 | 4.28 | 2.64 | 10.4 | 333 | ||
| Rapé Moeda Especial | 11.0 | 4.83 | <LOD | 132 | 14.2 | 81.7 | 68.5 | 17.8 | 28.6 | 23.2 | 9.83 | 16.3 | 408 | ||
| Rapé Caratinga Mentolado | LOD | 2.26 | <LOD | 15.6 | <LOD | <LOD | 9.4 | <LOD | 4.21 | 2.44 | <LOD | 3.59 | 37.5 | ||
| Rapé Caratinga Imburana | <LOD | 4.7 | <LOD | 41.0 | 3.68 | 11.4 | 22.7 | <LOD | 7.64 | 3.72 | 2.35 | 5.86 | 103 | ||
| Rapé Araçá Cravo e Canela | 16.3 | 3.27 | <LOD | 51.4 | 6.59 | 9.43 | 15.2 | <LOD | 5.85 | 3.3 | 2.43 | 5.54 | 119 | ||
| Rapé Moeda Girassol | 46.4 | 9.9 | 29.4 | 127 | 34.2 | 42.9 | 102 | 12.8 | 23.0 | 14.4 | 4.04 | 12.7 | 459 | ||
| Rapé Real (flavored) | <LOD | 2.23 | 20.8 | 68.6 | 10.4 | 13.8 | 46.5 | 3.72 | 8.28 | 6.3 | 4.23 | 15.1 | 200 | ||
|
| |||||||||||||||
| Rapé (custom-made, tobacco-containing) | |||||||||||||||
| Rapé Kashinawá | <LOD | <LOD | 20.4 | 99 | 15.1 | 7.9 | 60.2 | 1.84 | 24.41 | 5.4 | 2.69 | 5.22 | 242 | ||
| Rapé Nu-nu | 14.9 | 13.6 | 16.2 | 159 | 10.4 | 83.1 | 53.5 | <LOD | 211 | 3.16 | 6.38 | 24.3 | 596 | ||
|
| |||||||||||||||
| Minimum detected | 11.0 | 2.23 | 16.2 | 10.4 | 1.87 | 7.9 | 9.4 | 1.84 | 3.00 | 1.41 | 1.18 | 3.51 | 16.1 | ||
| Maximum detected | 62.9 | 16.5 | 35.5 | 159 | 34.2 | 83.1 | 102 | 50.0 | 211 | 23.2 | 9.83 | 24.3 | 596 | ||
Abbreviations: acenaphthene (ACL), acenaphthylene (ACT), anthracene (ANT), benzo[e]pyrene (BEP), chrysene (CHR), fluoranthene (FLR), fluorine (FLU), naphthalene (NAP), phenanthrene (PHE), pyrene (PYR), and benzo[a]pyrene (BAP). Note: Naphthalene (NAP) was not detected above the LOD in any of the products analyzed.
Three IARC carcinogens, including a group 1 carcinogen, benzo[a]pyrene, and two group 2B carcinogens (benzo[b] fluoranthene (BBF) and benzo[k] fluoranthene) (BKF), were analyzed in these samples. IARC=International Agency for Research on Cancer.
PAH Sum is the sum of all PAHconcentrations above the analyte LOD.