| Fever (influenza-like illness, biphasic, chill) |
ND |
fever with meningitis |
(Bode et al., 2006;
Petersen and Marfin, 2002;
Wang et al., 2013a; Weiss et al., 2001) |
| Meningitis, encephalitis |
meningoencephalitis |
meningoencephalitis |
(Ben-Nathan et al.,
1996; Camenga et al.,
1974; Hunsperger and Roehrig,
2006; Omalu et al.,
2003; Sampson et al.,
2000; Sejvar et al.,
2003a; Steele et al.,
2000; Weiss et al.,
2001) |
| Headache |
ND |
ND |
(Asnis et al., 2000;
Carson et al., 2006; Mazurek et al., 2005; Sejvar et al., 2003a) |
| Neck stiffness (nuchal rigidity) |
ND |
ND |
(Chapa et al.,
2003) |
| Poliomyelitis, paralysis, paresis |
poliomyelitis |
poliomyelitis, paralysis, paresis |
(Doron et al., 2003;
Fratkin et al., 2004; Hunsperger and Roehrig, 2006; Jeha et al., 2003; Omalu et al., 2003; Sejvar et al., 2005; Sejvar et al., 2003a; Sejvar et al., 2003b; Xiao et al., 2001) |
| Tremors, Parkinsonism |
tremors - rare |
tremors in extremities |
(Carson et al.,
2006; Morrey et al.,
2004b; Sejvar et al.,
2003a; Wang et al.,
2013b) |
| Memory impairment |
ND |
spatial memory deficit |
(Carson et al.,
2006; Cook et al., 2010;
Gottfried et al., 2005; Jeha et al., 2003; Lindsey et al., 2010; Mazurek et al., 2005; Smeraski et al., 2011) |
| Conjunctivitis, chorioretinitis |
ND, no ocular exudate |
ND, ocular exudate |
(Asnis et al., 2000;
Khairallah et al., 2004) |
| Respiratory distress |
ND |
lethal respiratory distress |
(Agamanolis et al.,
2003; Betensley et al.,
2004; Morrey et al.,
2012; Saad et al.,
2005; Wang et al.,
2013b) |
| Death (<0.1%) |
death (80-100%) |
death (60-90%) |
(Lindsey et al.,
2010; Morrey et al.,
2004b; Xiao et al.,
2001) (Morrey et al.,
2012; Oliphant et al.,
2005) |
| Autonomic dysfunction |
not apparent |
non-lethal autonomic dysfunction |
(Fratkin et al.,
2004; Leis and Stokic,
2005; Wang et al.,
2011, 2013a) |
| Gastrointestinal distress |
ND |
duodenal EMG suppression |
(Mazurek et al.,
2005; Wang et al.,
2011; Weiss et al.,
2001) |
| Cardiac arrhythmia |
|
|
(Bode et al., 2006;
Wang et al., 2011) |
| Bladder dysfunction, urinary retention |
ND |
ND |
(Saad et al., 2005;
Shpall et al., 2003; Wang et al., 2011) |
| Proprioception |
ND |
ND |
(Moon et al.,
2005) |
| Confusion (altered mental status) |
ND |
ND |
(Jeha et al., 2003;
Mazurek et al., 2005) |
| Coma |
ND |
ND |
(Sejvar et al.,
2003a) |
| Backpain, myalagia, arthralgia |
ND |
ND |
(Jeha et al., 2003;
Lindsey et al., 2010; Mazurek et al., 2005) |
