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. 2017 Nov 28;7:16492. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-16797-1

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Neonatal brain injury is associated with reduced myelination in outer cortical layers. (a) Representative micrographs of a control rat (left panel) and a rat exposed to fetal inflammation (LPS at E18 + E19) and postnatal hypoxia at P4 (FIPH model; right panel) stained for axonal marker NF200 (red) and myelin marker MBP (green). (b) Bar graph showing that rats exposed to FIPH display reduced extent of cortical myelination (n = 8 per group). (c) Representative images of sham-operated control mice (left) or mice exposed to HI + LPS at P5 (right) stained for MBP (green) and NF200 (red). *Enlarged ventricle and reduced ipsilateral hippocampal volume which is typically observed in this model. (d) Bar graph illustrating that HI + LPS mice show reduced extent of cortical myelination (n = 6 per group). (e) Representative images of sham-operated control mice (left) or mice exposed to HI on P9 (right) stained for MBP (green) and NF200 (red). #: severely injured hippocampal area characteristic for this model (f) Bar graph illustrating that HI mice show reduced extent of cortical myelination (n = 8 per group). Data represent mean ± SEM; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ****p < 0.0001.