Table 4.
Non-biological properties of MTA restoratives and sealers after setting.
| Commercial Products | ISO 6876 Dimensional Change (%) | ISO 6876 Solubility (%) | Radiopacifier(s) | ISO 6876 and ISO 9917.1 Radiopacity in mm Al | ISO 991.1 Compressive Strength (MPa) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MTA Restoratives | |||||
| Bioaggregate | - | - | Ta2O5 | 5.0–5.7 [23] 5 | 16.34–29.07 [23,38] |
| Biodentine | - | 4.61 [26] 2 | ZrO2 | 1.5–2.8 [26,39] 4, 3.3–4.1 [23] 5 |
67.18–170.8 [23,25] |
| MTA Angelus | - | 0.82–3.7 [29,30,40] 2 | Bi2O3 | 4.5–5.96 [28,29,30,39] | 19.63–41.51 [25,29] |
| NeoMTA | - | - | Ta2O5 | 3.8 [41] | |
| ProRoot MTA | 0.30 [32] | 1.1–1.5 [26,32,40] | Bi2O3 | 6.4–8.5 [26,32,42] | 27 [32] 65–86.23 [38,43,44] 6 |
| iRoot BP | - | - | - | - | 177 [45] 7 |
| iRoot FS | - | - | - | - | 96 [45] 7 |
| MTA Sealers | |||||
| BioRoot RCS | - | - | ZrO2 | 8.3 [34] | - |
| EndoSeal MTA | 0.21 [14] | ZrO2 | 9.50 [14] | - | |
| iRoot SP | 0.087 [35] 1 | 2.9 [35] 3 20.64 [46] 2 |
ZrO2 | 3.0–6.68 [14,47] | - |
| MTA Fillapex | –0.67 [35] | 1.1 [35] 3 5.65–14.89 [28,46] 2 |
Bi2O3 | 6.5–9.4 [28,48] | - |
| Epoxy resin control | - | - | - | - | - |
| AH Plus | –0.034 [35] | 0.06–0.28 [35,46] | CaWO4, ZrO2 | 6.9–18.4 [14,34,47,48] | 22 [49] |
1 In this study, the ISO test was modified to provide extra water to enable a complete set of iRoot SP [35]. 2 Fails ISO 6876 standard of a maximum of 3% [16]. 3 The solubility test was modified by submerging the molds into heated water, hence providing more water to enable the complete setting. 4 Fails ISO 6876 standard of a minimum of 3 mm Al [16]. 5 Radiopacity was tested at day 1 and day 28 of immersion in Hank’s balanced salt solution [23]. 6 These samples were cured in wet conditions rather than dry conditions. 7 In this study, the ISO test was modified using an accelerated setting method in a hot water bath [45].