Key events in the interaction between HCV and PCSK9. (A) Interaction between HCV and surface receptors; (B) HCV intracellular entry; (C) HCV‐mediated HNF1α activation or inhibition; (D) HCV‐mediated SREBP activation; (E) SREBP‐ and HNF1α‐mediated PCSK9 mRNA stimulation; (F) PCSK9 protein maturation; (G) Formation of PCSK9‐secretory vesicles; (H) PCSK9 exocytosis; (I) HCV‐mediated cIAP1 activation; (L) cIAP1‐mediated PCSK9 proteasomal degradation; (M) PCSK9‐mediated CD81, SR‐B1, LDLR and VLDLR inhibition. HCV, hepatitis C virus; HNF1α, hepatic nuclear factor 1 alpha; SREBP, sterol regulatory element‐binding protein; PCSK9, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9; cIAP1, cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1; SR‐B1, scavenger receptor class B type I; LDLR, low‐density lipoprotein receptor; VLDLR, very low‐density lipoprotein receptor.