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. 2017 Oct 30;25:e2943. doi: 10.1590/1518-8345.2080.2943

Table 1. Frequency of errors and successes in the self-administration of insulin. Northwest Sanitary District. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, 2015 (N=148).

Variables Performance of the procedure
Yes No
Properly Improperly Total n %
n % n % N %
Pre-application
Handwashing 19 90.5 2 9.5 21 14.2 127 85.8
Withdrawal of insulin from the refrigerator (n=141) 39 59.1 27 40.9 66 46.8 75 53.2
Organization of the material for use (n=147) 102 87.2 15 12.8 117 79.6 30 20.4
Differentiation of insulin types (n=42) 36 97.3 1 2.7 37 88.1 5 11.9
Application technique
Rotation of application sites 76 82.6 16 17.4 92 62.2 56 37.8
Application site delimitation 109 91.6 10 8.4 119 80.4 29 19.6
Disinfection of the insulin vial (n=140) 46 88.5 6 11.5 52 37.1 88 62.9
Shaking NPH insulin (n=141) 80 80.0 20 20.0 100 70.9 41 29.1
Aspiration of regular insulin before NPH (n=28) 19 95.0 1 5.0 20 71.4 8 28.6
Aspiration of the prescribed dose of insulin (n=143) 120 100.0 0 0.0 120 83.9 23 16.1
Aspiration of air into the syringe and injection (n=140) 36 100.0 0 0.0 36 25.7 104 74.3
Removal of air bubbles (n=125) 46 76.7 14 23.3 60 48.0 65 52.0
Skin pinching for application 99 94.3 6 5.7 105 70.9 43 29.1
90º angulation for needle insertion 105 100.0 0 0.0 105 70.9 43 29.1
Subcutaneous needle insertion 127 93.4 9 6.6 136 91.9 12 8.1
Wait time to withdraw of needle 44 89.8 5 10.2 49 33.1 99 66.9
Post-application
Care in reusing the needle (n=142) 106 85.5 18 14.5 124 87.3 18 12.7
Disposal of sharps into a hard flask (n=145) 39 50.0 39 50.0 78 53.8 67 46.2
Bleeding: pressure on the application site (n=127) 42 68.9 19 31.1 61 48.0 66 52.0
Storage of the opened insulin vial up to 30°C (n=147) 71 59.7 48 40.3 119 81.0 28 19.0