Table 1.

The Technology-in-Practice (TIP) Framework:

ACTIONS		CONDITIONS			CONSEQUENCES
Technology-in-practice	Type of Enactment	Interest in Using Technology	Interpretive Conditions	Institutional Conditions	Process-Related Consequences	Technological Consequences	Structural Consequences
Limited-Use	Inertia	Low	Limited technical knowledge	Hierarchical, Individualistic, Competitive	None	None	Reinforce and preserve status quo
Individual-Productivity	Application	Moderate	Moderate technical knowledge	Hierarchical, Individualistic, Competitive	Increased efficiency in communication	Changes to the data	Reinforce and enhance status quo
Collective-Problem-Solving		High	Detailed technical knowledge	Communal, Cooperative	Increased effectiveness in problem-solving; Increased cooperation	Adaptations to the tool; Changes to the data	Reinforce and enhance status quo
Process- Support		Very High	Competent technical knowledge	Team-focused, Cooperative, Learning Oriented	Increased effectiveness in customer service; Increased efficiency in communication	Adjustments in the tool; Changes to the data	Reinforce and enhance status quo
Improvisation	Change	High	Competent technical knowledge	Team-focused, Collaborative, Learning Oriented	Redefined work distribution; Shift in type of collaboration; Change in ways of learning	Adaptations to the tool; Changes to the data	Transform status quo

Description: Table 1 depicts the Technology-in-Practice Framework which links Actions, Conditions, and Consequences.