Table 3.
Within-person change of patient-reported outcomes between baseline and postoperative year one and two
| Patient-reported Outcome (Range)1 | Baseline Mean (SD) | Baseline vs. Year 1 (N=204) |
Baseline vs. Year 2 (N=149) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| Mean difference2 (95% CI) |
p | Mean difference2 (95% CI) |
p | ||
| BREAST-Q | |||||
| Satisfaction with breasts (0–100) | 59.3 (20.5) | 9.1 (5.4, 12.9) | 0.001 | 10.7 (5.6, 15.8) | 0.001 |
| Psychological well-being (0–100) | 70.6 (17.2) | 6.0 (2.6, 9.3) | 0.003 | 7.9 (3.5, 12.4) | 0.003 |
| Physical well-being (0–100) | 87.1 (12.0) | −8.6 (−12.3, −5.0) | 0.001 | −5.1 (−10.9, 0.8) | 0.079 |
| Sexual well-being (0–100) | 58.0 (20.9) | −1.1 (−4.7, 2.5) | 0.504 | −1.2 (−6.5, 4.0) | 0.601 |
| PHQ-9 total score (0–27) | 3.2 (3.4) | −0.4 (−1.2, 0.3) | 0.197 | −0.5 (−2.5, 1.6) | 0.626 |
| GAD-7 total score (0–21) | 4.5 (4.5) | −2.2 (−2.9, −1.5) | <.001 | −2.3 (−3.5, −1.2) | 0.002 |
| PROMIS-29 | |||||
| Anxiety (40.3–81.6) | 56.4 (9.1) | −10.0 (−12.2, −7.8) | <.001 | −8.1 (−10.9, −5.3) | <.001 |
| Depression (41.0–79.4) | 46.7 (7.0) | −1.5 (−2.9, −0.2) | 0.033 | −1.1 (−3.1, 0.8) | 0.219 |
| Fatigue (33.7–75.8) | 46.9 (9.5) | −0.8 (−2.6, 1.0) | 0.353 | −0.1 (−4.0, 3.7) | 0.941 |
| Pain interference (41.6–75.6) | 43.6 (5.1) | 1.2 (−0.5, 3.0) | 0.135 | 1.3 (−0.4, 3.0) | 0.121 |
| Physical function (22.9–56.9) | 54.9 (5.2) | −1.6 (−3.6, 0.3) | 0.083 | −0.5 (−1.7, 0.8) | 0.416 |
| Satisfaction with participation | |||||
| in social roles (29.0–64.1) | 55.5 (8.6) | 0.0 (−1.7, 1.6) | 0.946 | −0.9 (−3.4, 1.6) | 0.420 |
| Sleep disturbance (32.0–73.3) | 51.7 (3.9) | 0.6 (−0.6, 1.7) | 0.289 | 0.2 (−1.2, 1.5) | 0.780 |
| SF-MPQ | |||||
| Sensory (0–33) | 1.2 (2.4) | 1.2 (0.1, 2.3) | 0.040 | 1.0 (−0.5, 2.4) | 0.164 |
| Affective (0–12) | 0.8 (1.4) | −0.2 (−0.6, 0.1) | 0.145 | −0.4 (−1.3, 0.4) | 0.245 |
| NPRS (0–10) | 0.4 (1.2) | 0.4 (−0.1, 0.8) | 0.084 | 0.3 (−0.2, 0.7) | 0.215 |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; GAD-7, General Anxiety Disorder 7-Item scale; NPRS, Numerical Pain Rating Scale; PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire–9; PROMIS-29, Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System–29; SF-MPQ, Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire.
For the BREAST-Q, higher score indicates better outcome; for the PHQ-9, GAD-7, SF-MPQ, and NPRS, higher score indicates worse outcome; for the PROMIS-29, higher score indicates better outcome if the concept is positively worded (e.g., physical function) and worse outcome if the concept is negatively worded (e.g., anxiety).
Difference is defined as the value of PRO at postoperative 1 or 2 years minus that of baseline.