Table 6. Associations of the 12 SNPs and GPSs with obesity-related and other cardio-metabolic traits after adjusting for BMI.
| Gene | SNP | WC (cm) | Percent body fat | UAC (cm) | SBP (mmHg) | DBP (mmHg) | TC (mmol/L) | TG (mmol/L)# | LDL-C (mmol/L) | HDL-C (mmol/L) | FBG (mmol/L) | Insulin (mU/L)# | HOMA-IR# | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FTO | rs1558902 | β | -0.084 | -0.053 | 0.138 | 0.301 | 0.257 | -0.023 | -0.022 | -0.024 | 0.012 | -0.022 | -0.019 | -0.022 |
| P | 0.561 | 0.746 | 0.017 | 0.451 | 0.419 | 0.444 | 0.165 | 0.380 | 0.241 | 0.273 | 0.407 | 0.359 | ||
| MC4R | rs2331841 | β | 0.052 | 0.155 | 0.061 | -0.096 | -0.121 | -0.009 | 0.010 | -0.012 | -0.002 | 0.040 | 0.021 | 0.028 |
| P | 0.640 | 0.220 | 0.171 | 0.754 | 0.620 | 0.684 | 0.423 | 0.572 | 0.852 | 0.012 | 0.222 | 0.123 | ||
| GNPDA2 | rs16858082 | β | 0.036 | 0.038 | -0.066 | 0.306 | 0.103 | -0.048 | -0.008 | -0.037 | -0.010 | 0.012 | 0.023 | 0.025 |
| P | 0.712 | 0.735 | 0.091 | 0.258 | 0.634 | 0.016 | 0.434 | 0.046 | 0.144 | 0.396 | 0.128 | 0.115 | ||
| SEC16B | rs516636 | β | 0.081 | -0.059 | -0.043 | 0.067 | -0.154 | 0.002 | 0.003 | 0.001 | -0.002 | 0.005 | 0.007 | 0.009 |
| P | 0.490 | 0.656 | 0.360 | 0.833 | 0.547 | 0.932 | 0.833 | 0.981 | 0.789 | 0.749 | 0.696 | 0.645 | ||
| PCSK1 | rs261967 | β | 0.049 | -0.135 | 0.018 | -0.040 | 0.245 | -0.044 | -0.001 | -0.031 | -0.006 | -0.018 | 0.013 | 0.012 |
| P | 0.609 | 0.221 | 0.635 | 0.879 | 0.247 | 0.026 | 0.896 | 0.089 | 0.365 | 0.177 | 0.369 | 0.452 | ||
| MAP2K5 | rs4776970 | β | 0.155 | 0.175 | 0.057 | 0.247 | 0.153 | -4.0E-4 | 0.019 | -0.006 | -0.013 | -0.020 | 0.005 | 0.001 |
| P | 0.158 | 0.162 | 0.196 | 0.415 | 0.525 | 0.986 | 0.107 | 0.765 | 0.102 | 0.194 | 0.759 | 0.956 | ||
| ITIH4 | rs2535633 | β | 0.028 | 0.098 | -0.026 | -0.058 | -0.083 | 0.032 | 0.012 | 0.034 | -1.7E-4 | -0.004 | 0.015 | 0.014 |
| P | 0.771 | 0.373 | 0.496 | 0.826 | 0.693 | 0.101 | 0.267 | 0.059 | 0.980 | 0.777 | 0.306 | 0.371 | ||
| BDNF | rs2030323 | β | -0.105 | -0.04 | 0.007 | -0.587 | -0.434 | 0.016 | -0.003 | 0.013 | 0.003 | -0.008 | 0.009 | 0.007 |
| P | 0.272 | 0.713 | 0.850 | 0.026 | 0.039 | 0.417 | 0.800 | 0.455 | 0.662 | 0.578 | 0.527 | 0.641 | ||
| ADCY3/RBJ | rs6545814 | β | 0.121 | 0.07 | -0.012 | 0.060 | 0.202 | -0.007 | -0.006 | 0.004 | -0.002 | -0.022 | 0.006 | 0.002 |
| P | 0.211 | 0.528 | 0.762 | 0.822 | 0.341 | 0.707 | 0.568 | 0.815 | 0.811 | 0.109 | 0.704 | 0.876 | ||
| KCNQ1 | rs2237892 | β | 0.114 | 0.028 | 0.003 | -0.295 | 0.002 | -0.042 | 0.018 | -0.028 | -0.026 | 0.015 | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| P | 0.262 | 0.812 | 0.937 | 0.291 | 0.994 | 0.044 | 0.102 | 0.142 | 3.7E-4 | 0.291 | 0.852 | 0.735 | ||
| PAX6 | rs652722 | β | 0.106 | 0.077 | -0.028 | 0.283 | 0.155 | -0.015 | -0.010 | -0.008 | -0.007 | -0.016 | 0.001 | -0.002 |
| P | 0.290 | 0.504 | 0.481 | 0.304 | 0.481 | 0.452 | 0.365 | 0.680 | 0.323 | 0.271 | 0.948 | 0.916 | ||
| GP2 | rs12597579 | β | 0.119 | -0.108 | -0.003 | -0.045 | 0.047 | 0.015 | 0.005 | 0.005 | 0.004 | -2.8E-4 | -0.017 | -0.017 |
| P | 0.264 | 0.375 | 0.948 | 0.878 | 0.839 | 0.492 | 0.645 | 0.794 | 0.619 | 0.985 | 0.315 | 0.330 | ||
| GPSall | all 12 loci | β | 0.057 | 0.023 | 0.001 | 0.033 | 0.04 | -0.01 | 0.002 | -0.005 | -0.005 | -0.002 | 0.009 | 0.009 |
| P | 0.065 | 0.512 | 0.939 | 0.702 | 0.562 | 0.139 | 0.540 | 0.389 | 0.019 | 0.634 | 0.050 | 0.072 | ||
| GPSleptin | six leptin- related loci | β | 0.017 | 0.018 | 0.022 | -0.024 | -0.006 | -0.019 | 1.7E-4 | -0.015 | -0.004 | -0.001 | 0.012 | 0.012 |
| P | 0.696 | 0.723 | 0.204 | 0.843 | 0.952 | 0.036 | 0.972 | 0.064 | 0.242 | 0.826 | 0.081 | 0.099 |
β means linear regression coefficients adjusted for gender, age, Tanner stage, residence and BMI.
Abbreviation: BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; UAC, upper arm circumference; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; FBG, fasting blood glucose; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance; FTO, fat mass and obesity associated; MC4R, melanocortin 4 receptor; GNPDA2, glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase 2; SEC16B, SEC16 homolog B, endoplasmic reticulum export factor; PCSK1, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1; MAP2K5, mitogen-activated protein kinase 5; ITIH4, inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain family, member 4; BDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; ADCY3/RBJ, adenylate cyclase 3; KCNQ1, potassium channel, voltage gated KQT-like subfamily Q, member 1; PAX6, paired box 6; GP2, glycoprotein 2; GPSall, sum gene score of all 12 loci and GPSleptin, sum gene score of six leptin-related loci.
# Skewed distributions were natural logarithmically (ln) transformed.
Note: Values in bold are significant at P < 0.004 after Bonferroni correction.