Table 1. MicroRNA's expression and their roles in associative learning.

Name of microRNA	MicroRNA expression in CR-formation versus control	Predicted target genes	Functions of target genes
	Piriform cortex
mmu-miR-342-5p	↓↓	Neto1 Elfn1 Fgfr2 Gria1 Grin1 Lrrtm2 Nlgn3
		Gria1
		Elfn1	Excitatory synapses
mmu-miR-324-5p	↑↑	Grin1Lrrtm2Nlgn3Fgfr2
mmu-miR-5128	↑	Fgfr2
mmu-miR-150-5p	↑	Csnk1dNlgn2
mmu-miR-3072-3p	↑	Slc32a1
mmu-miR-150-5p	↑	Nlgn2
mmu-miR-324-5p	↑↑	Slc32a1Nrxn1	Inhibitory synapses
mmu-miR-23b-3p	↑↑	Nrxn1
mmu-miR-133a-3p	↑↑	Iqsec3
mmu-miR-874-5p	↑↑	Ywhaq
mmu-miR-345-5p	↑	Gabra4Rgma	synapse formation or neuron branching
mmu-miR-149-3p	↑↑	Rgma
mmu-miR-324-5p	↑↑	Ttbk1
mmu-miR-133a-3p	↑↑	Dyrk2	Axon guidance and cytoskeleton
mmu-miR-3072-3p	↑	Mark2
mmu-miR-874-5p	↑↑	Gmip
mmu-miR-345-5p	↑	Rgma	Spines and dendrites
mmu-miR-324-5p	↑↑	Ttbk1
mmu-miR-149-5p	↑↑	RhoaRgma
mmu-miR-149-3p	↑↑	Rhoa
mmu-miR-3072-3p	↑	Wnk2	Channels
mmu-miR-149-5p	↑↑	↑↑
mmu-miR-150-5p	↑	Csnk1d	Neurite outgrowth
mmu-miR-133a-3p	↑↑	Dyrk2
mmu-miR-149-3p	↑↑	Rgma
mmu-miR-133a-3p	↑↑	Dyrk2	Neuron proliferation and differentiation

↑: log₂(CR-formation/Control) <1; ↑↑: 1≦log₂(CR-formation/Naïve control) < 2; ↑↑↑: log₂(CR-formation/Control) ≧2.