Table 2.
Clinical signs and results of cowpox virus investigations of infected alpacas from four herds in Eastern Germany.
| Herd | Animal Identification ** | Day of Examination *** | Sex | Age (Years) | Clinical Signs | iIFA (Highest Dilution Done) | Real-Time PCR/HA Gene Sequence | Virus Isolate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | 176 # | index case | f | 5.5 | fatal generalization | 1:500 | +/yes | Ger/2012/Alpaca Index-Thuringia * |
| 103 | 1 | f | 6.2 | none | 1:500 | n.d. | n.d. | |
| 2 | 6.4 | local lesions | 1:200 | n.d. | n.d. | |||
| 110 | 1 | f | 4.0 | none | 1:500 | n.d. | n.d. | |
| 2 | 4.2 | local lesions | <1:200 | n.d. | n.d. | |||
| 165 | 1 | m | 0.5 | local lesions | 1:500 | n.d. | n.d. | |
| 2 | 0.7 | local lesions | <1:200 | n.d. | n.d. | |||
| 101 | 2 | f | 3.2 | none | 1:500 | n.d. | n.d. | |
| 138 | 2 | f | 5.5 | local lesions | 1:500 | n.d. | n.d. | |
| 139 | 2 | f | 9.4 | none | 1:500 | n.d. | n.d. | |
| 145 | 2 | f | 7.4 | local lesions | 1:200 | n.d. | n.d. | |
| 166 | 2 | m | 0.5 | none | 1:500 | n.d. | n.d. | |
| II | 37 | index case | f | 10.5 | fatal generalization | 1:2,000 | +/yes | Ger/2013/Alpaca Index-Saxony-Anhalt * |
| 16 | 1 | f | 1.6 | local lesions | 1:500 | − | n.d. | |
| 12 | 2 | f | 1.8 | n.d. | 1:500 | n.d. | n.d. | |
| 32 | 2 | f | 3.9 | n.d. | 1:500 | n.d. | n.d. | |
| 35 | clinic | f | 10.2 | fatal generalization | 1:4000 | +/yes | Ger/2013/Alpaca/DK13/13 | |
| III | 216 | index case | m | 13.1 | fatal generalization | <1:200 | +/yes | Ger/2017/Alpaca Index-Saxony * |
| 201 | 1 | f | 8.7 | unilateral kerato- conjunctivitis | <1:200 | +/no | n.d. | |
| 2 | 8.8 | local alopecia | 1:16,000 | − | n.d. | |||
| 205 | 1 | f | 12.2 | local lesions | 1:16,000 | +/yes | Ger/2017/Alpaca/ 00095_109 | |
| 2 | 12.2 | local lesions | 1:16,000 | +/no | n.d. | |||
| 211 | 1 | m | 11.5 | none | 1:4000 | − | n.d. | |
| 2 | 11.6 | none | 1:8000 | − | n.d. | |||
| 212 | 1 | m | 8.6 | local lesions | 1:16,000 | +/no | n.d. | |
| 2 | 8.6 | local lesions | 1:16,000 | +/no | − | |||
| 213 | 1 | m | 11.8 | local alopecia | 1:16,000 | − | n.d. | |
| 2 | 11.9 | local lesions | 1:4000 | +/no | − | |||
| 214 | 1 | m | 7.8 | local alopecia | 1:4000 | − | n.d. | |
| 2 | 7.9 | local alopecia | 1:8000 | − | n.d. | |||
| 215 | 1 | m | 8.9 | local alopecia | 1:32,000 | − | n.d. | |
| 2 | 8.9 | local alopecia | 1:32,000 | − | n.d. | |||
| 202 | 2 | m | 0.8 | none | 1:1000 | +/no | n.d. | |
| 203 | 2 | f | 7.9 | local alopecia | 1:4000 | − | n.d. | |
| 204 | 2 | f | 3.6 | local alopecia | 1:8000 | − | n.d. | |
| 206 | 2 | f | 8.7 | none | 1:16,000 | − | n.d. | |
| 207 | 2 | f | 5.8 | local lesions | 1:8000 | − | n.d. | |
| IV | 306 | index case | f | 10.3 | fatal generalization | 1:500 | +/yes | Ger/2017/Alpaca Index-Brandenburg * |
n.d. not done (either real-time PCR was not performed or virus isolation was not attempted when real-time PCR results were negative; clinical examination was not performed); +, positive; −, negative; * virus isolates, that are already described elsewhere [12]; ** animals of each herd are arranged chronologically according to positive results in iIFA or PCR; *** see Table 1 (day of examination); # published as case report [29]; HA, hemagglutinin; iIFA, indirect immunofluorescence assay; m, male; f, female; Herd I—Thuringia; Herd II—Saxony-Anhalt; Herd III—Saxony; Herd IV—Brandenburg (see Table 1).