Table 3.

Diet and lung function in asthma patients. Beneficial effect; No effect; ? = no data. Very strong evidence is defined as data obtained in meta-analysis of RCTs, Strong evidence is defined as data obtained in individual RCT; Low evidence is defined as data obtained in individual prospective studies or meta-analysis of prospective studies; Very low evidence is defined as data obtained in individual cross-sectional or case-control studies, or meta-analysis of cross-sectional or case-control studies. In case of conflicting results between studies, data from the studies with the most robust methodology are used to define the effect of diet on lung function.

	Childhood		Adulthood
	Effect	Evidence	Effect	Evidence
New born Breast feeding	[185,186,187]	Low	?	?
Mediterranean diet	[43,188]	Very low	[43,170,171,188]	Strong
Fruit	[43]	Very low	[172,173,174]	Strong
Vegetables	[43]	Very low	[174]	Strong
Fast food	?	?	?	?
“Western” diet	?	?	?	?
Meat	?	?	[71]	Low
Fish	?	?	?	?
Vitamin A	[118]	Low	?	?
Vitamin B	?		[175]	Very low
Vitamin C	[166,189]	Strong	[197]	Strong
Vitamin D	[190,191,192]	Very strong	[190,191,198]	Very strong
Vitamin E	[193]	Strong	[197]	Strong
LC n-3 PUFA (Fish oil)	[194]	Strong	[194]	Strong