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. 2017 Dec;23(12):2050–2054. doi: 10.3201/eid2312.171086

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This is a publication of the U.S. Government. This publication is in the public domain and is therefore without copyright. All text from this work may be reprinted freely. Use of these materials should be properly cited.

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Relative number of deaths among wild birds during an outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N8) virus, the Netherlands, November 2016–January 2017. Number of reported deaths during November 2016–January 2017 (red asterisks) is shown relative to the normalized number of deaths reported over the same timeframe in the previous 5 years (average is 1, error bars indicate maximum and minimum from 2011–2012 to 2015–2016). The y-axis is on a log-scale (e.g., reported deaths among diving ducks during 2016–2017 was >2,000 times greater than the average reported in the previous 5 years). Within species groups, numbers of deaths are averaged over species. Data from Sovon (Dutch Center for Field Ornithology, Nijmegen, the Netherlands). A graph of the same analysis based on data from the Nature Information Foundation (http://www.waarneming.nl) was also plotted (online Technical Appendix 2, https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/EID/article/23/12/17-1086-Techapp2.pdf).