Table 1. Patients’ characteristics in the VE and OE groups before propensity score-matching.
| Variables | VE (n=42) | OE (n=130) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (male) | 40 (95.2) | 126 (97.0) | 0.605 |
| Age (years) | 63.3±7.7 | 65.6±7.6 | 0.083 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.1±2.7 | 22.6±2.6 | 0.288 |
| FEV1 predicted (%) | 104.4±18.5 | 99.7±16.4 | 0.120 |
| Charlson comorbidity index | 0.387 | ||
| 2 | 26 (61.9) | 65 (50.0) | |
| 3 | 13 (31.0) | 55 (42.3) | |
| 4 | 3 (7.1) | 10 (7.7) | |
| Tumor location | 0.036 | ||
| Middle thoracic | 30 (71.4) | 69 (53.1) | |
| Lower thoracic | 12 (28.6) | 61 (46.9) | |
| Tumor type | 0.672 | ||
| Squamous cell carcinoma | 39 (92.9) | 123 (94.6) | |
| Others | 3 (7.1) | 7 (5.4) | |
| Tumor grade | 0.424 | ||
| Well differentiated | 11 (26.2) | 36 (27.7) | |
| Moderate differentiated | 26 (61.9) | 68 (52.3) | |
| Poorly differentiated | 5 (11.9) | 26 (20.0) | |
| Pathologic T stage | 0.023 | ||
| 1 | 28 (66.7) | 55 (42.3) | |
| 2 | 3 (7.1) | 16 (12.3) | |
| 3 | 11 (26.2) | 59 (45.4) | |
| Pathologic N stage | 0.109 | ||
| 0 | 25 (59.5) | 58 (44.6) | |
| 1 | 12 (28.6) | 38 (29.2) | |
| 2 | 5 (11.9) | 21 (16.2) | |
| 3 | 0 | 13 (10.0) | |
| Operative methods | 0.672 | ||
| Ivor Lewis | 35 (83.3) | 105 (80.8) | |
| McKeown | 7 (16.7) | 25 (19.2) | |
| 3-FD | 4 (9.5) | 27 (20.8) | 0.099 |
Data were presented as number of patients (percentage) or mean ± standard deviation. Data in parenthesis indicate percentage. VE, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery esophagectomy; OE, open esophagectomy; BMI, body mass index; FEV1, forced expiratory in 1 second; 3-FD, 3-field dissection.