TABLE 2.
Summary of Proposed Liver Stiffness Thresholds (kPa) as Measured by MRE for Fibrosis Staging
| Liver Fibrosis Stage | ||||||
| Population | Study | Technique | ≥1 | ≥2 | ≥3 | 4 |
| Chronic liver disease and volunteers | Yin et al, 200747 | 2D GRE at 60 Hz | 2.93 | 4.89 | 6.47 | |
| Choi et al, 201357 | 2D GRE at 60 Hz | 2.9 | 3.0 | 3.4 | 4.0 | |
| Ichikawa et al, 201458 | 2D GRE at 60 Hz | 2.60 | 2.80 | 3.60 | 4.00 | |
| All liver MRI patients | Yoshimitsu et al, 201659 | 2D SE-EPI at 60 Hz | 3.13 | 3.85 | 4.28 | 5.38 |
| Chronic hepatitis B | Venkatesh et al, 201460 | 2D GRE at 60 Hz | 2.74 | 3.20 | 3.70 | 4.33 |
| Chang et al, 201661 | 2D GRE at 60 Hz | 2.56 | 2.57 | 2.92 | 3.67 | |
| Lee et al, 201462 | 2D GRE at 60 Hz | 2.45 | 2.69 | 3.04 | 3.94 | |
| Hennedige et al, 201663 | Modified GRE sequence | — | 3.2 | 3.7 | 4.33 | |
| Ichikawa et al, 201264 | 2D GRE at 60 Hz | 2.30 | 3.20 | 4.00 | 4.60 | |
| Chronic hepatitis B or C | Shi et al, 201665 | 2D GRE at 60 Hz | 3.08 | 3.13 | 3.74 | 4.18 |
| 3D SE-EPI at 60 Hz | 2.45 | 2.79 | 3.28 | 3.57 | ||
| NAFLD and NASH | Chen et al, 201166 | 2D GRE at 60 Hz | <2.74 (Steatosis) | >2.74 (NASH) | ||
| Kim et al, 201367 | 2D GRE at 60 Hz | — | >4.15 | |||
| Loomba et al, 201468 | 2D GRE at 60 Hz | 3.02 | 3.58 | 3.64 | 4.67 | |
| Singh et al, 201669 | Pooled analysis from 9 MRE studies at 60–62.5 Hz | 2.88 | 3.54 | 3.77 | 4.09 | |
| Imajo et al, 201670 | 2D GRE at 60 Hz | 2.5 | 3.4 | 4.8 | 6.7 | |
| Loomba et al, 201671 | 2D GRE at 60 Hz | — | — | 3.80 | — | |
| 3D GRE at 60 Hz | — | — | 3.40 | — | ||
| 3D GRE at 40 Hz | — | — | 2.43 | — | ||
| Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency | Kim et al, 201672 | 2D GRE at 60 Hz | 3.0 | — | — | — |
| Autoimmune hepatitis | Wang et al, 201773 | 2D GRE at 60 Hz | — | — | 4.1 | 4.5 |
| Severe to morbid obesity | Chen et al, 201774 | 2D GRE at 60 Hz | 2.60 | 3.50 | 3.60 | 4.52 |
EPI indicates echo planar imaging; GRE, gradient-recalled echo; NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; NASH, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.