Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Consult Clin Psychol. 2017 Aug 31;85(12):1111–1121. doi: 10.1037/ccp0000243

Table 3.

Indicators of distress, functional limitations, and mental health services use among men, age 18 and older, in 2013–2014 National Health Interview Survey by sexual orientation: Crude and adjusted prevalences and partial results of regression models shown

Morbidity indicators Crude Prevalence
Adjusted Prevalence
Adjusted RR (95 % CI)
Sexual Minority Heterosexual Sexual Minority Heterosexual
% (SE) % (SE) % (SE) % (SE)
High psychological distress, past 30 days 7.5 (1.5) 2.8 (0.1) 7.6 (1.5) 2.8 (0.1) 2.68 (1.81–3.97)
Psychological distress interferes with life 28.3 (2.2) 16.4 (0.3) 26.8 (2.2) 16.4 (0.3) 1.64 (1.38–1.93)
Overall health status rated fair/poor 11.8 (1.4) 12.3 (0.2) 14.0 (1.6) 12.3 (0.2) 1.14 (0.90–1.44)
Saw mental health provider, past year 20.5 (2.4) 5.8 (0.2) 17.3 (2.0) 5.8 (0.2) 2.96 (2.31–3.78)
General functional limitations (family referent reported)
 Any—Not MHSA-related 10.9 (1.5) 12.3 (0.2) 11.8 (1.5) 12.3 (0.2) 0.96 (0.75–1.22)
 Any—MHSA-related 5.3 (1.2) 2.2 (0.1) 4.4 (0.9) 2.2 (0.1) 1.97 (1.29–3.00)
Mobility deficits/life participation limitations (respondent reported)
 Any—Not MHSA-related 25.6 (2.1) 27.1 (0.4) 29.1 (2.2) 27.0 (0.4) 1.08 (0.93–1.25)
 Any—MHSA-related 5.5 (1.3) 1.6 (0.1) 4.8 (1.1) 1.6 (0.1) 2.99 (1.86–4.82)
Any limitations reported by either source
 Any—Not MHSA-related 26.2 (2.1) 28.2 (0.4) 29.8 (2.2) 28.2 (0.4) 1.06 (0.91–1.22)
 Any—MHSA-related 7.5 (1.5) 2.9 (0.1) 6.3 (1.2) 2.9 (0.1) 2.14 (1.45–3.15)
Receives disability income (18–64 years only) 8.1 (1.4) 6.9 (0.2) 7.7 (1.2) 7.0 (0.2) 1.11 (0.81–1.52)

Note. N = 30,753, including 786 gay and bisexual men and 29,967 heterosexual men. SE = Standard Error; RR = Relative Risk; CI: = Confidence interval; MHSA = mental health and substance abuse. Predicted marginals (adjusted prevalences) and adjusted RR were obtained by logistic or multinomial logistic regression methods evaluating sexual orientation differences while adjusting for confounding due to demographic characteristics (age, race/ethnicity, nativity, relationship status, education, family income, geographic region) and survey cycle. Mental health provider treatment differences were further adjusted for health insurance status while disability income was not adjusted for family income.