Table 1.

Barthel Index.

Feeding		Bathing
0	unable	0	dependent
5	needs help cutting, spreading butter, etc	5	independent (or in shower)
10	independent
		Mobility
Transfer		0	immobile or <50 yards
0	unable, no sitting balance	5	wheelchair independent. Including corners, >50 yards
5	major help (one or two people, physical), can sit	10	walks with help of one person (verbal or physical) >50 yards
10	minor help (verbal or physical)	15	independent (but may use any aid; for example, stick) >50 yards
Grooming		Dressing
0	needs to help with personal care	0	dependent
5	independent face/hair/teeth/shaving (implements provided)	5	needs help but can do about half unaided
		10	independent (including buttons, zips, laces, etc)
Toilet use
0	dependent
5	needs some help, but can do something alone
10	independent (on and off, dressing, wiping)

The original evaluation criteria for the BI comprise nine items: feeding, transferring, grooming, toilet use, bathing, dressing, walking, bowel/bladder control, and ascending/descending stairs. For this analysis, bowel/bladder control and ascending/descending stairs were excluded.