Fig. 4.

Effects of linagliptin treatment on glucose tolerance (a), area under curve (AUC) during oral glucose tolerance test (b), serum DPP-4 activity (c), non-fasting blood glucose (d), and non-fasting serum insulin (e) of klotho−/− mice. Abbreviations used are the same as in Fig. 2. NS, not significant. Values are mean ± SEM. In a–c n = 7 in each group. In d n = 8 in control group, n = 10 in linagliptin-treated group. In e n = 6 in control group, n = 7 in linagliptin-treated group. In a statistical analysis was performed by one-way repeated measurement ANOVA with Bonferroni correction. In b, d, e statistical analysis was performed by non-paired t test. In c statistical analysis was performed by Mann–Whitney U test