Table 1.
Clinical and laboratory characteristics of the study subjects
| Variable | Frequency (%) |
|---|---|
| BMI, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 26.7 (4.6) |
| Categories, n (%) | |
| Underweight (<18.5) | 6 (1.6) |
| Normal (18.5–25) | 139 (36.1) |
| Overweight (25–29.9) | 154 (40.0) |
| Obese (≥30) | 86 (22.3) |
| Blood Pressure (BP) mmHg | |
| Hypertensive, BP > 140/90 mmHg or on treatment | 191 (49.6) |
| Normal BP | 194 (50.4) |
| Hypertension treatment, Users, | |
| ACEi’s/ARBs | 132 (69.4) |
| Calcium channel blocker(CCBs) | 120 (63.0) |
| Diuretics(thiazides, Spironolactone, Furosemide) | 90 (47.8) |
| Glucose-lowering treatment | |
| Diet-only | 11 (2.9) |
| Oral Glucose-lowering Agents(OGLAs)-only | 262 (68.1) |
| Insulin-only | 66 (17.1) |
| Combined Oral Glucose-lowering Agents and Insulin | 46 (12.0) |
| Glycemic control | |
| Mean HbA1c, % | 8.3(3.0) |
| Poor (HbA1c > 7%) | 233 (60.5) |
| Good (HbA1c ≤ 7%) | 152 (39.5) |
| Total cholesterol, mean (SD), mmol/L | 4.6 (1.2) |
| Categories, n (%) | |
| High ≥4.12 | 88 (22.9) |
| Normal, <4.12 | 297 (77.1) |
| HDL, mean (SD), mmol/L | 1.3 (0.9) |
| Categories, n (%) | |
| Low ≤1.00 | 80 (20.8) |
| Normal >1.00 | 305 (79.2) |
| Triglycerides, mean (SD), mmol/L | 1.7 (1.0) |
| Categories, n (%) | |
| High, >1.7 | 210 (54.5) |
| Normal ≤1.7 | 175 (45.5) |
| LDL, mean (SD), mmol/L | 2.4 (0.9) |
| Categories, n (%) | |
| High, >2.0 | 297 (77.1) |
| Normal ≤2.0 | 88 (22.9) |
| Albuminuria | |
| Albuminuria | 126 (32.7) |
| Normal | 259 (67.3) |
The socio-demographic characteristics of the 385 patients who were included in the study are shown in Table 2 below