Fig. 4.

Resistance of the AtELP3 and AtELP4 transgenic F. vesca plants to powdery mildew. a Phenotypes of leaves to which different disease reaction scores were assigned after inoculation with P. aphanis. Score 0 = resistant, Score 1 = intermediate susceptibility, and Score 2 = susceptible. b Disease reaction scores for the three AtELP3 (E3) and two AtELP4 (E4) transgenic lines and the non-transformed control (Cont.). Data represent the average of nine biological replicates with SD. An asterisk indicates significant difference between the transgenic line and the non-transformed control (Student’s t-test, p < 0.05). c Growth of P. aphanis on the three AtELP3 (E3) and two AtELP4 (E4) transgenic lines and the non-transformed control (Cont.). Spores were counted 10 days after inoculation. FW: fresh weight. Data represent the average of 15 biological replicates with SD. An asterisk indicates significant difference between the transgenic line and the non-transformed control (Student’s t-test, p < 0.05). The experiments in (b) and (c) were repeated four times with similar trends