Table 1. Baseline Demographic and Procedural Characteristicsa.
| Variable | All (N = 42 391) |
Black Patients (n = 5650) |
White Patients (n = 36 741) |
P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 65.2 (9.1) | 62.7 (9.6) | 65.6 (9.0) | <.01 |
| Male, No. (%) | 41 713 (98.4) | 5486 (97.1) | 36 227 (98.6) | <.01 |
| Income quartile, No. (%) | ||||
| 1 | 10 598 (25.0) | 2506 (44.4) | 8092 (22.0) | <.01 |
| 2 | 10 592 (25.0) | 1059 (18.7) | 9533 (25.9) | |
| 3 | 10 599 (25.0) | 1037 (18.4) | 9562 (26.0) | |
| 4 | 10 602 (25.0) | 1048 (18.5) | 9554 (26.0) | |
| Region, No. (%) | ||||
| New England | 1083 (25.5) | 43 (0.8) | 1040 (2.8) | <.01 |
| Middle Atlantic | 2583 (6.1) | 289 (5.1) | 2294 (6.2) | |
| East North Central | 7123 (16.8) | 987 (17.5) | 6136 (16.7) | |
| West North Central | 4758 (11.2) | 493 (8.7) | 4265 (11.6) | |
| South Atlantic | 9677 (22.8) | 1733 (30.7) | 7944 (21.6) | |
| East South Central | 4185 (9.9) | 624 (11.0) | 3561 (9.7) | |
| West South Central | 6732 (15.9) | 999 (17.7) | 5733 (15.6) | |
| Mountain | 2687 (6.3) | 87 (1.5) | 2600 (7.1) | |
| Pacific | 3563 (8.4) | 395 (7.0) | 3168 (8.6) | |
| Urban, No. (%) | 23 560 (55.6) | 4679 (82.8) | 18 881 (51.4) | <.01 |
| Medical History, No. (%) | ||||
| Congestive heart failure | 9703 (22.9) | 1524 (27.0) | 8179 (22.3) | <.01 |
| Chronic kidney disease | ||||
| No | 34 354 (81.0) | 4018 (71.1) | 30 336 (82.6) | <.01 |
| Without hemodialysis use | 7347 (17.3) | 1368 (24.2) | 5979 (16.3) | |
| With hemodialysis use | 690 (1.6) | 264 (4.7) | 426 (1.2) | |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 9215 (21.7) | 842 (14.9) | 8373 (22.8) | <.01 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 7199 (17.0) | 901 (15.9) | 6298 (17.1) | .03 |
| Depression | 12 461 (29.4) | 1571 (27.8) | 10 890 (29.6) | .01 |
| Diabetes | ||||
| No | 22 641 (53.4) | 2822 (49.9) | 19 819 (53.9) | <.01 |
| With insulin use | 8112 (19.1) | 1264 (22.4) | 6848 (18.6) | |
| Without insulin use | 11 638 (27.5) | 1564 (27.7) | 10 074 (27.4) | |
| Hyperlipidemia | 37 681 (88.9) | 4833 (85.5) | 32 848 (89.4) | <.01 |
| Hypertension | 37 858 (89.3) | 5274 (93.3) | 32 584 (88.7) | <.01 |
| Obesity | 19 946 (47.1) | 2343 (41.5) | 17 603 (47.9) | <.01 |
| Peripheral artery disease | 8680 (20.5) | 1208 (21.4) | 7472 (20.3) | .07 |
| Posttraumatic stress disorder | 6624 (15.6) | 993 (17.6) | 5631 (15.3) | <.01 |
| Sleep apnea | 7678 (18.1) | 780 (13.8) | 6898 (18.8) | <.01 |
| Tobacco use | 26 451 (62.4) | 3691 (65.3) | 22 760 (61.9) | <.01 |
| Procedural Characteristics | ||||
| Fluoroscopy time, mean (SD), min | 22.2 (16.6) | 21.1 (15.8) | 22.3 (16.7) | <.01 |
| Intra-aortic balloon pump use, No. (%) | 537 (1.3) | 77 (1.4) | 460 (1.3) | .53 |
| PCI indication, No. (%) | ||||
| NSTEMI | 8650 (20.4) | 1362 (24.1) | 7288 (19.8) | <.01 |
| STEMI | 2889 (6.8) | 533 (9.4) | 2356 (6.4) | |
| Stable angina, chest pain, or asymptomatic | 17 008 (40.1) | 1951 (34.5) | 15 057 (41.0) | |
| Unstable angina | 11 090 (26.2) | 1443 (25.5) | 9647 (26.3) | |
| Other or valvular disease | 2754 (6.5) | 361 (6.4) | 2393 (6.5) | |
| Index length of stay >3 d, No. (%) | 11 295 (26.6) | 1716 (30.4) | 9579 (26.1) | <.01 |
| Positive functional study, No. (%) | ||||
| No study | 23 148 (54.6) | 3250 (57.5) | 19 898 (54.2) | <.01 |
| Negative | 2015 (4.8) | 292 (5.2) | 1723 (4.7) | |
| Positive | 17 228 (40.6) | 2108 (37.3) | 15 120 (41.2) | |
| Staged procedure, No. (%) | 1844 (4.3) | 208 (3.7) | 1636 (4.5) | .01 |
| PCI status, No. (%) | ||||
| Elective | 26 496 (62.5) | 3209 (56.8) | 23 287 (63.4) | <.01 |
| Urgent | 12 930 (30.5) | 1876 (33.2) | 11 054 (30.1) | |
| Emergent salvage | 2965 (7.0) | 565 (10.0) | 2400 (6.5) | |
| Specific vessels stented, No. (%) | ||||
| Left anterior descending artery | 14 684 (34.6) | 2008 (35.5) | 12 676 (34.5) | .13 |
| Left circumflex artery | 11 034 (26.0) | 1572 (27.8) | 9462 (25.8) | <.01 |
| Left main coronary artery | 1181 (2.8) | 106 (1.9) | 1075 (2.9) | <.01 |
| Right coronary artery | 12 791 (30.2) | 1651 (29.2) | 11 140 (30.3) | .10 |
Abbreviations: NSTEMI, non–ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; STEMI, ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.
a
Absolute values are presented, with percentages of each cohort in parentheses.