Table 3. Adjusted Odds Ratios for PE in the PTOS, NTDB, and NIS.
| Variable | Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| PTOS (n = 461 974) |
NTDBa (n = 5 755 095) |
NISb (24 449 476) |
|
| Deep vein thrombosis | 8.6 (7.6-9.8) | 11.7 (10.4-13.1) | 32.9 (32.0-33.9) |
| Male sex | 1.3 (1.2-1.5) | 1.3 (1.2-1.3) | 1.1 (1.0-1.1) |
| Obesity | 1.7 (1.5-2.0) | 1.8 (1.5-2.1) | 1.7 (1.6-1.8) |
| Major procedure | 2.2 (1.9-2.5) | 2.6 (2.5-2.7) | 1.9 (1.8-2.1) |
| Central catheter | 2.2 (2.0-2.5) | 2.4 (2.3-2.5) | 2.0 (1.8-2.1) |
| Blood transfusion | 1.2 (0.7-1.9)c | 1.6 (1.6-1.7) | 1.5 (1.3-1.8) |
| Pelvic fracture | 1.6 (1.4-1.8) | 1.6 (1.6-1.7) | 1.1 (1.1-1.2) |
| Lower extremity fracture | 2.3 (2.1-2.5) | 2.1 (2.1-2.2) | 1.2 (1.1-1.2) |
| Spinal cord paralysis | 2.5 (1.8-3.6) | 2.1 (1.8-2.6) | 1.2 (0.7-2.1)c |
| Trauma mortality prediction model | 1.1 (1.1-1.1) | 1.2 (1.2-1.2) | 1.1 (1.1-1.1) |
| Age group, y | |||
| ≤20s | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] |
| 30s | 1.5 (1.3-1.8) | 1.8 (1.8-2.0) | 1.9 (1.8-2.1) |
| 40s | 1.5 (1.3-1.7) | 2.3 (2.2-2.4) | 2.4 (2.2-2.5) |
| 50s | 1.7 (1.5-2.0) | 2.7 (2.5-2.8) | 2.8 (2.6-3.0) |
| 60s | 2.0 (1.7-2.4) | 3.1 (3.0-3.3) | 3.3 (3.1-3.5) |
| 70s | 1.9 (1.6-2.3) | 2.9 (2.8-3.1) | 3.4 (3.2-3.6) |
| 80s | 1.4 (1.2-1.7) | 2.4 (2.3-2.6) | 3.0 (2.8-3.2) |
| ≥90s | 1.0 (0.7-1.4)c | 1.9 (1.5-2.4) | 2.4 (2.2-2.5) |
| Year | |||
| 2003 | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] |
| 2004 | 1.2 (0.9-1.6)c | 0.9 (0.8-1.0) | 1.0 (0.9-1.1)c |
| 2005 | 1.4 (1.1-1.9) | 1.0 (0.9-1.2)c | 1.1 (1.0-1.2)c |
| 2006 | 1.5 (1.1-2.0) | 1.0 (0.9-1.1)c | 1.2 (1.1-1.3) |
| 2007 | 1.6 (1.2-2.1) | 1.1 (1.0-1.2)c | 1.2 (1.1-1.3) |
| 2008 | 1.9 (1.5-2.5) | 1.3 (1.2-1.4) | 1.3 (1.2-1.4) |
| 2009 | 1.8 (1.4-2.3) | 1.2 (1.1-1.3) | 1.4 (1.3-1.5) |
| 2010 | 1.9 (1.5-2.5) | 1.1 (1.0-1.3) | 1.6 (1.5-1.8) |
| 2011 | 1.8 (1.4-2.3) | 1.0 (0.9-1.1)c | 1.6 (1.5-1.7) |
| 2012 | 1.7 (1.3-2.2) | 1.1 (1.0-1.2)c | 1.6 (1.5-1.7) |
| 2013 | 1.6 (1.3-2.1) | 1.0 (0.9-1.1)c | 1.6 (1.5-1.7) |
| 2014 | 1.6 (1.3-2.1) | 1.0 (0.9-1.1)c | NA |
| 2015 | 1.6 (1.2-2.0) | NA | NA |
| Overall AUROC | 0.83 | 0.84 | 0.78 |
Abbreviations: AUROC, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve; NA, not applicable; NIS, National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample; NTDB, National Trauma Data Bank; PE, pulmonary embolism; PTOS, Pennsylvania Trauma Outcome Study.
a
From 2003 to 2014 only.
b
From 2003 to 2013 only.
c
P > .05.