Table 1. Patient- and Physician-Level Characteristics Based on ECG Claim Status 30 Days After Patient’s Index Annual Health Examination, n = 3 629 859.
| Characteristica | No. (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| Without ECG (n = 2 849 676) | With ECG (n = 780 183) | |
| Patient level | ||
| Age, mean (95% CI), y | 37.27 (37.26-37.29) | 45.62 (45.59-45.65) |
| Sex | ||
| Female | 1 750 378 (61.4) | 398 494 (51.1) |
| Male | 1 099 298 (38.6) | 381 689 (48.9) |
| Rurality | ||
| Rural | 242 864 (8.5) | 34 195 (4.4) |
| Nonrural | 2 606 812 (91.5) | 745 988 (95.6) |
| Neighborhood income quintile | ||
| 1 (Lowest) | 497 985 (17.5) | 135 679 (17.4) |
| 2 | 536 914 (18.8) | 150 990 (19.4) |
| 3 | 568 914 (19.9) | 156 657 (20.1) |
| 4 | 619 139 (21.7) | 169 698 (21.8) |
| 5 (Highest) | 627 204 (22.0) | 167 159 (21.4) |
| Charlson Index, mean (95% CI) | 0 (0-0) | 0.01 (0.01-0.01) |
| Hospital admission in past 3 y | 203 998 (7.2) | 36 205 (4.6) |
| Cancer | 240 641 (8.4) | 95 037 (12.2) |
| COPD | 60 405 (2.1) | 27 564 (3.5) |
| Asthma | 357 106 (12.5) | 76 638 (9.8) |
| Mental health | 382 551 (13.4) | 104 897 (13.4) |
| Dementia | 5462 (0.2) | 2095 (0.3) |
| Rheumatologic disease | 71 248 (2.5) | 36 954 (4.7) |
| Primary care physicianb | ||
| Yes | 2 505 716 (87.9) | 692 605 (88.8) |
| No | 343 960 (12.1) | 87 578 (11.2) |
| Physician levelc | ||
| Sex | ||
| Female | 1 018 811 (40.8) | 219 399 (31.8) |
| Male | 1 477 054 (59.2) | 470 976 (68.2) |
| IMG | 549 343 (22.0) | 188 113 (27.2) |
| Years since graduation, mean (95% CI)d | 25.50 (25.49-25.51) | 27.76 (27.74-27.79) |
| Primary care practice structure | ||
| Fee-for-service | 528 026 (21.2) | 152 988 (22.2) |
| Family health group | 912 547 (36.6) | 338 885 (49.1) |
| Family health network | 20 577 (0.8) | 2015 (0.3) |
| Family health organization | 505 475 (20.3) | 101 282 (14.7) |
| Family health team | 426 410 (17.1) | 59 852 (8.7) |
| Other | 102 830 (4.1) | 35 353 (5.1) |
Abbreviations: AHE, annual health examination; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ECG, electrocardiograms; IMG, international medical graduate.
a
For all characteristics (except mental health), P < .001 across groups defined by post-AHE ECG status,
b
Variable indicates whether patients were rostered to a primary care physician at study entry.
c
Physician-level variables only available for those patients rostered to a primary care physician with a reported physician number for linkage (n = 3 186 240).
d
Calculated as the mean number of years since graduation among all physicians at a given practice.