Table 2. Factors Associated With Off-label TAVR Use.
| Factora | Odds Ratio (95% CI) | P Value |
|---|---|---|
| Age | ||
| Per 5 y when ≤80 y | 1.09 (1.03-1.16) | .006 |
| Per 5 y when >80 y | 1.02 (0.95-1.09) | .61 |
| Sex, male vs female | 1.01 (0.89-1.14) | .90 |
| Race | ||
| Other vs white | 1.28 (0.82-1.99) | .28 |
| Black vs white | 1.03 (0.77-1.36) | .85 |
| Private insurance | 1.06 (0.92-1.23) | .42 |
| Prior myocardial infarction | 0.98 (0.86-1.11) | .73 |
| Prior PCI or CABG | 1.02 (0.91-1.14) | .79 |
| Prior other cardiac surgery | 0.74 (0.59-0.93) | .01 |
| Prior stroke or TIA | 0.93 (0.81-1.06) | .28 |
| Prior CEA or CAS | 1.25 (1.03-1.51) | .02 |
| Peripheral arterial disease | 1.09 (0.96-1.24) | .17 |
| Tobacco use | 0.76 (0.55-1.04) | .08 |
| Diabetes | 1.02 (0.92-1.13) | .69 |
| Hypertension | 1.04 (0.89-1.22) | .60 |
| Currently undergoing dialysis | 0.95 (0.68-1.32) | .74 |
| Severe chronic lung disease | 0.98 (0.84-1.14) | .79 |
| Heart failure within 2 wk | 1.21 (1.02-1.44) | .03 |
| NYHA class III or IV within 2 wk | 0.93 (0.80-1.07) | .32 |
| Cardiogenic shock within 24 h | 0.73 (0.30-1.77) | .48 |
| Atrial fibrillation or flutter | 0.99 (0.88-1.12) | .90 |
| Moderate or severe tricuspid insufficiency | 0.88 (0.78-1.00) | .04 |
| Body mass index | ||
| Per kg/m2 when <30 | 1.02 (1.00-1.03) | .06 |
| Per kg/m2 when >30 | 1.00 (0.99-1.02) | .63 |
| Femoral access | 1.42 (1.24-1.64) | <.001 |
| Hemoglobin, per g/dL | 1.00 (0.97-1.04) | .90 |
| Platelet count, per 103/µL | 1.01 (1.00-1.02) | .001 |
| Creatinine, per 0.5 mg/dL | 1.03 (1.01-1.06) | .02 |
| Hospital location | ||
| Rural vs urban | 1.16 (0.80-1.69) | .44 |
| Suburban vs urban | 1.13 (0.88-1.44) | .35 |
| Hospital type [reference: private or community] | ||
| Government vs private or community | 0.56 (0.35-0.88) | .01 |
| University vs private or community | 1.05 (0.81-1.37) | .69 |
| Teaching hospital | 1.31 (1.04-1.66) | .02 |
| TAVR volume, per 10 cases | 0.99 (0.98-1.01) | .43 |
| Elective procedure | 1.00 (0.80-1.23) | .97 |
Abbreviations: CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; CAS, carotid artery stenting; CEA, carotid endarterectomy; NYHA, New York Heart Association; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; TAVR, transcatheter aortic valve replacement; TIA, transient ischemic attack.
a
The following factors were also included in the model: cardiac arrest within 24 hours, porcelain aorta, albumin, and international normalized ratio.