Table 2.
Multivariable analysis of the relationship between having not cut back on salt and different imaging features of small vessel disease
| Model 1 unadjusted | Model 2 adjusted for age and sex | Model 3, adjusted for age, sex, and vascular risk factors | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Odds ratio of lacunar stroke (versus nonlacunar stroke) | |||
| Had not cut back on salt | 1.91 (95% CI, 1.15-3.22) | 1.88 (95% CI, 1.12-3.19) | 1.90 (95% CI, 1.10-3.29) |
| Age | .97 (95% CI, .94-.99) | .97 (95% CI, .95-1.00) | |
| Sex (male) | .88 (95% CI, .52-1.50) | .94 (95% CI, .55-1.60) | |
| Hypertension | 1.36 (95% CI, .74-2.53) | ||
| Smoking last year | 1.27 (95% CI, .71-2.26 | ||
| AF | .56 (95% CI, .17-1.48) | ||
| PVD | .21 (95% CI, .31-.81) | ||
| IHD | .90 (95% CI, .44-1.81) | ||
| Hyperlipidemia | 1.21 (95% CI, .70-2.11) | ||
| Odds ratio of having a lacunae on the index scan | |||
| Had not cut back on salt | 1.93 (95% CI, 1.07-3.57) | 1.94 (95% CI, 1.07, 3.62) | 2.06 (95% CI, 1.09-3.99) |
| Age | .99 (95% CI, .97, 1.01) | 1 (95% CI, .97-1.02) | |
| Male gender | .95 (95% CI, .56, 1.6) | 2.28 (95% CI, 1.21-4.42) | |
| Known hypertension | .57 (95% CI, .3, 1.07) | ||
| Smoker (or recent ex-smoker) | 1.56 (95% CI, .87, 2.81) | ||
| AF | .6 (95% CI, .16-1.81) | ||
| PVD | 2.13 (95% CI, .62-7.05) | ||
| IHD | 1.4 (95% CI, .64-2.96) | ||
| Hyperlipidemia | .61 (95% CI, .34, 1.06) | ||
| Odds ratio of WMH score 1 on SVD score | |||
| Had not cut back on salt | 1.81 (95% CI, 1.08, 3.05) | 2.29 (95% CI, 1.29-4.14) | 2.45 (95% CI, 1.34-4.57) |
| Age | 1.09 (95% CI, 1.06-1.13) | 1.09 (95% CI, 1.06-1.13) | |
| Male gender | .88 (95% CI, .5-1.56) | .82 (95% CI, .45-1.47) | |
| Known hypertension | 2.49 (95% CI, 1.25-5.15) | ||
| Smoker (or recent ex-smoker) | 1.45 (95% CI, .77-2.79) | ||
| AF | .93 (95% CI, .35-2.54) | ||
| PVD | 2.1 (95% CI, .63-8.37) | ||
| IHD | 1.21 (95% CI, .58-2.53) | ||
| Hyperlipidemia | .87 (95% CI, .47-1.61) | ||
| Odds ratio of having EPVL in the basal ganglia | |||
| Had not cut back on salt | 1.15 (95% CI, .7, 1.91) | 1.27 (95% CI, .74-2.2) | 1.22 (95% CI, .69-2.16) |
| Age | 1.07 (95% CI, 1.05-1.1) | 1.08 (95% CI, 1.05-1.11) | |
| Male gender | 1.68 (95% CI, .97-2.92) | 1.62 (95% CI, .93-2.85) | |
| Known hypertension | 1.39 (95% CI, .73-2.66) | ||
| Smoker (or recent ex-smoker) | 1.62 (95% CI, .88-3.02) | ||
| AF | .95 (95% CI, .37-2.56) | ||
| PVD | .78 (95% CI, .24-2.6) | ||
| IHD | 1.07 (95% CI, .53-2.19) | ||
| Hyperlipidemia | .94 (95% CI, .53-1.66) | ||
| Odds ratio of having, at least, one microbleed | |||
| Had not cut back on salt | 3.08 (95% CI, 1.46, 7.14) | 3.35 (95% CI, 1.56, 7.89) | 3.4 (95% CI, 1.54, 8.21) |
| Age | .99 (95% CI, .96, 1.01) | 1 (95% CI, .98, 1.03) | |
| Male gender | .98 (95% CI, .58, 1.65) | .98 (95% CI, .56, 1.69) | |
| Known hypertension | .55 (95% CI, .29, 1.03) | ||
| Smoker (or recent ex-smoker) | 1.62 (95% CI, .9, 2.95) | ||
| AF | .58 (95% CI, .22, 1.47) | ||
| PVD | .9 (95% CI, .27, 3.06) | ||
| IHD | .83 (95% CI, .41, 1.66) | ||
| Hyperlipidemia | .59 (95% CI, .33, 1.03) | ||
| Odds ratio of having an SVD score of 2 or more | |||
| Had not cut back on salt | 1.84 (95% CI, 1.1-3.1) | 2.07 (95% CI, 1.2-3.6) | 2.17 (95% CI, 1.22-3.9) |
| Age | .98 (95% CI, .96-1.01) | 1 (95% CI, .97-1.03) | |
| Male gender | .97 (95% CI, .58-1.64) | 1 (95% CI, .58-1.73) | |
| Known hypertension | .55 (95% CI, .28-1.02) | ||
| Smoker (or recent ex-smoker) | 1.52 (95% CI, .85-2.76) | ||
| AF | .52 (95% CI, .2-1.31) | ||
| PVD | .87 (95% CI, .27-2.92) | ||
| IHD | .87 (95% CI, .27-2.92) | ||
| Hyperlipidemia | .64 (95% CI, .36-1.11) | ||
Abbreviations: AF, atrial fibrillation; CI, confidence interval; IHD, ischaemic heart disease; PVD, peripheral vascular disease; SVD, small vessel disease.
Bold italics indicate P < .05.